Análisis comparativo de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón estructural y el hormigón permeable reforzado con fibras de nylon

Abstract

This research aimed to comparatively analyze the compressive strength of conventional concrete and permeable concrete reinforced with nylon fibers, evaluating the influence of fiber incorporation on the mechanical behavior and physical properties of the material. The study arose from the need to develop construction materials that contribute to urban sustainability and efficient stormwater management. In this context, permeable concrete represents an attractive alternative due to its ability to reduce surface runoff and promote water infiltration; however, its main limitation lies in its relatively low mechanical strength. For the development of this research, the constituent materials were characterized through physical tests conducted in accordance with ASTM and NTE INEN standards. Subsequently, conventional concrete mixtures were designed using the ACI 211 method, while permeable concrete mixtures were designed following the ACI 522-23 method, incorporating nylon fibers at proportions of 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20%. Cylindrical specimens were produced and tested for compressive strength at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Additionally, complementary properties such as density, porosity, and permeability were evaluated. The results showed that increasing the fiber content led to a progressive reduction in density and compressive strength, accompanied by an increase in porosity and permeability. The mixture containing 0.05% nylon fibers exhibited the best mechanical performance, representing the most balanced alternative between strength and hydraulic functionality.