Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable que se utiliza en los sectores San Pablo y El Quinche, parroquia Santa Rosa, provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

This study presents the diagnosis, redesign, and optimization of the potable water distribution system for the sectors of San Pablo and El Quinche, located in the parish of Santa Rosa. The initial assessment revealed significant deficiencies in the existing network, including structural deterioration, inadequate pipe diameters, operational inconsistencies, and alignment through private properties, which complicates maintenance and compromise service continuity. Population projections and water demand estimates were carried out based on recognized methodologies and standards for cold-climate regions. These parameters were used to determine the design flows required for hydraulic modeling. The system was evaluated through both static and dynamic simulations, the latter incorporating an hourly consumption curve suitable for small communities, enabling a more accurate representation of operational conditions throughout the day. A new network layout was proposed along public roads to ensure accessibility, reduce conflicts with private land, and improve maintenance efficiency. Material selection was based on commercial availability, operational reliability, and adequate pressure resistance. The optimized design demonstrated significant improvements in pressure distribution, flow velocities, and system performance during peak demand hours. Additionally, Unit Price Analyses were developed using official labor rates and updated material prices, incorporating indirect costs to ensure a realistic and sustainable budget. The resulting proposal offers a technically feasible and efficient solution that enhances service quality, strengthens hydraulic performance, and ensures a reliable potable water supply for the beneficiary population over the medium and long term.