FACTORES QUE AUMENTAN LAS INFECCIONES DE TRANSMISIÓN SEXUAL EN LA POBLACION DEL ECUADOR: REVISION SISTEMATICA

Abstract

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections are caused by microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and parasites, which can be transmitted from one individual to another during sexual contact. These infections affect women as well as men and lead to chronic health consequences if they are not diagnosed in time. Objective: Describe risk factors for STIs in the population of Ecuador. Methods: Qualitative study, with a descriptive research design and descriptive scope, was carried out through a review of documents that contain the required information, including focused on the population of Ecuador. Results: Among the most common STIs, the human papillomavirus (HPV) was identified in the population of Ecuador and in other countries are syphilis, genital herpes, gonorrhea and finally chlamydia. Contagion can occur by having direct contact with an infected secretion, such as semen, blood or female fluids, that is, vaginal fluids. Several STIs can coexist in the same individual due to the sharing of some transmission mechanisms. Those infections that lead to ulcers or inflammation in the genitourinary tract can favor the transmission of others, such as HIV or the hepatitis C virus. Conclusions: It is relevant to note that the infection figures vary depending on the country and region, the Studies frequently focus on key populations, such as adolescents, young people, pregnant women, homosexuals, and sex workers.