Perspectiva del personal de enfermería sobre los cuidados aplicados a neonatos que reciben fototerapia

Abstract

Nursing care in neonates is essential to guarantee the first moments in the newborn, especially in developing countries where nursing care has been declining and has been associated with adverse outcomes for patients. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the perspective of nursing care for neonates with jaundice who are receiving phototherapy. The study is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, which was carried out in the city of Ambato, Ecuador, with a population of 6 nurses to whom an interview was applied using a script of 13 previously established questions, recorded on audio. In this sense, the nurse plays a crucial role in the care of the newborn during phototherapy and must take measures to ensure its effectiveness, avoid cross infection and minimize complications. It is also important to consider the length required between the phototherapy lamp and the infant, as well as eye care and protection of nearby children from phototherapy light. Thus, it can be concluded that nursing care in neonates with jaundice receiving phototherapy is important to reduce blood bilirubin and prevent adverse effects. Nursing professionals must ensure the effectiveness of irradiation, control temperature, hydration and elimination, interpret results and evaluate the newborn to make decisions about phototherapy. They should also consider risk factors and need to provide emotional support to parents and redistribute the allocation of neonates with phototherapy to avoid additional workload.