Evaluación de Trichoderma harzianum para el control de la pudrición blanca (Sclerotium cepivorum) en el cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.)

Abstract

Currently organic agriculture offers the use of fungal bio-controllers that ensure their effectiveness with their use, therefore this research work is focused on testing the ability of Trichoderma harzianum for the control of Sclerotium cepivorum in the garlic crop, the experimental trial was implemented in a plot of the Agroecological and Demonstrative Farm of Píllaro in an area of 107.25m2, with 24 experimental units of 3m2 arranged in three blocks. The treatments consisted of three doses of Trichoderma harzianum 2g/L, 4g/L, 6g/L and two controls, T1 the control with chemical and T0 the control without any application tested in two frequencies of applications, every 15 and 30 days. The experimental design of the research project was the Block Design Completely Randomized (DBCA) with factorial arrangement 3x2+2 with three replications, through the analysis of variance (ADEVA) and the Tukey and Duncan test at 5%, results were obtained that expressed that the best treatment for pathogen control was the D2F1 (4g/L, Trichoderma harzianum every 15 days) for both the percentage of incidence, the percentage of severity and the level of crop yield. When processing the data, it was determined that the antagonistic fungus has a similar efficiency to the chemical fungicides used by the farmer, as well as in the production costs there is no great difference, however, the benefits of the use of microorganisms in the soil, the environment and the quality of the product surpasses the use of any pesticide.