Factores de riesgo ergonómico en trabajos de oficina en la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Líderes del Progreso

Abstract

The importance of applicable ergonomics in offices lies in ensuring the conditions in which all workers carry out their activities, so which guarantee their health, well-being and comfort. This work doesn’t entail only physical or mental requirements, but is a combination of the two to a greater or lesser extent. This kind of work requires sitting for several hours in front of a computer, adopting inappropriate postures, which causes musculoskeletal injuries and increases stress due to muscle tension also requires cognitive and intellectual activities that increase the effort of attention and concentration of the worker, producing fatigue, slowness, irritability, reluctance, bad humor, among others. For this reason, the present work seeks to analyze the ergonomic risk factors focused on physical and mental workload in the office work of the Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Líderes del Progreso. The ROSA methodology was used for the ergonomic evaluation of the physical load through the use of the ERGONIZA ONE Software, where it was obtained that all the workers present a high level of risk. In terms of the assessment of the mental load, the FPSICO methodology was used with the use of the FPSICO 4.0 Software, where the presence of the participation and supervision factor was obtained as a very high risk, psychological demands, role performance, relationships and social support as high risk and autonomy as a moderate risk in the institution. Finally, the proposal was raised to reduce the latent ergonomic risks in the company focused on the changes that the furniture must have, the development of a program of active breaks that giving the physical and mental rest of the collaborators and the development of a training program of ergonomic risks and postural hygiene that seeks to provide recommendations that can be applied in their jobs such as the adoption of adequate postures and preventive measures against risks caused by physical and mental load for the benefit of the company.