Pericarditis y derrame pleural en lupus eritematoso sistémico

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnostic and therapeutic complexities, and complications in patients with pericarditis and pleural effusion secondary to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of clinical case analysis. Discussion: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is characterized as a multisystemic disorder of heterogeneous presentation whose etiology is related to the interaction between genetic factors and the environment. Its clinical presentation turns out to be very varied, which is why it represents a diagnostic challenge, the case is analyzed of a female 28-year-old patient diagnosed with systemic Lupus Erythematosus who has shown joint manifestations, serositis and bicytopenia with severe activity SELENA-SLEDAI index with 15 points improved due to arthritis, alopecia, oral ulcers, pleurisy, pericarditis, low complement and leukopenia for which she received high-dose corticosteroid pulses, in addition to Chloroquine and Mycophenolate, presenting a favorable clinical response with decreased activity of his disease. Conclusions: Lupus is a multisystemic disorder with a heterogeneous presentation, within which pericarditis and pleural effusion constitute between 50 and 70% of the frequency in its onset of presentation, respectively, and can be diagnosed through clinical history and complementary tests. Therefore, the treatment of these complications is based on anti-inflammatory drugs such as NSAIDs and glucocorticoids, as in the case described.