Riesgos ergonómicos por manipulación manual de cargas en mujeres indígenas usuarias de Chumbi

Abstract

A previous study by the Technical University of Ambato concluded that indigenous women who use chumbi perform very demanding agricultural activities that could contribute significantly to the musculoskeletal disorders. The present work linked to the research project "Development of a training system for the protection of the physical health of chumbi users through the creation of content using pedagogical instruments adapted to their culture and environment", corresponds to the continuation of the previous study and it is the second stage of an ergonomic intervention, the diagnosis and proposals. The diagnosis is through the assessment of the postural load in indigenous women who use chumbi in the execution of 40 different activities between agricultural and domestic. The RULA methodology was used for the assessment and the online RULER software of the Polytechnic University of Valencia was used for the photographic processing of the material collected by the members of the Research Project. As a result, in no activity the risk is acceptable, in one activity it is convenient a deepen study, 16 activities require the redesign of the task and 23 require urgent changes. The proposal for the redesign and urgent changes in the tasks is based on ergonomic recommendations expressed through 9 different training instruments: informative posters, radio messages, triptychs, manual of processes and procedures, messages in newspapers, safe procedure sheets, content for social networks, conference and video clip. In this way, the Research Project is provided with visual and auditory material and its combination for training in the aspect of: "ergonomic recommendations related to agricultural activities through the development of a didactic and illustrative manual aimed at indigenous women".