Factores asociados a la falta de control prenatal en américa latina y su relación con las complicaciones obstetricas

Abstract

Introduction: Prenatal control is a fundamental tool in the prevention of obstetric complications by allowing the health professional to detect and monitor maternal and child problems. Objective: To identify the factors associated with the lack of prenatal control in Latin America and its relationship with obstetric complications. Methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in the databases: PubMed, BVS, Scielo, Latindex, Lilacs and academic Google with the descriptors of health sciences (DeCS) of Bireme and the Medical Subject Headings (MesH) of the National Library of Medicine: prenatal control, prenatal care, obstetric complications, associated factors, in Spanish and English during the period 2015-2020, the PRISMA parameters were used. Results: the initial search for information reported a total of 1718 records, of which 86 were eligible, of these 56 were not relevant, so 30 are included that allowed the fulfillment of the study objectives with which the meta-analysis was carried out. Conclusions: The factors associated with the lack of prenatal control are: low level of education, home occupations and upbringing, lack of employment, limited economic resources, geographic location, lack of affiliation, beliefs and customs. Health-related factors are: the quality of prenatal services, accessibility barriers and continuity of services, and the lack of resources. The lack of prenatal control is related to the appearance of obstetric complications such as: infections, anemia, pressure alterations, hemorrhages, perineal tears, incomplete delivery, low weight and prematurity.