Evaluación de la actividad fitorreguladora de auxinas obtenidas a partir de un extracto de tallos de fréjol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en cultivos de plantas in vitro

Abstract

Auxins are a group of plant hormones that regulate various processes in the development and growth of the plant, being widely used in protocols of in vitro propagation of plant material. In this work, the phytoregulatory potential of auxins obtained from a liquid extract of stems of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was evaluated. The extraction efficiency was 49,46 percent with the cold maceration process obtaining 4,94 g of extracted solids. The concentrated mother extract at 23,93 percen solids showed a concentration of 40.57 (µg)/ml of auxins quantified by the Salkowsky method at 540 nm. The phytoregulatory activity was evaluated in an in vitro assay by oxidation and growth of mullet stems without spines in modified growth media. It was compared with the culture medium prepared with synthetic hormones, obtaining a higher rate of oxidation in the blackberry stems when using the extract of auxins because they are dissolved in ethyl alcohol, however, they increased the growth of the stem in a 4,34 percent more compared to stems grown with synthetic hormones.