Aprovechamiento de la grasa bovina del Camal Frigorífico Municipal Ambato para la obtención de biodiésel como combustible de origen animal.

Abstract

In this research the bovine fat from “Camal Frigorifico Municipal Ambato” was used for obtaining biodiesel as a fuel of animal origin. Fat was extracted with good physicochemistry characteristics for the production of biofuel, using the dry fusion method and a refining process. Obtaining biodiesel was accomplished by a transesterification reaction in which some factors were controlled; such as: molar ratio of methanol/fat, reaction time and catalyzer type and concentration. These factors were analyzed with a factorial experimental design 2n. The biodiesel production by a molar ratio 9:1, during 60 minutes, and using KOH 0,40 % as a catalyzer gave place to the best transesterification process yield (67,75 %) and a 0,05 USD benefit per liter produced. The biodiesel produced by the mentioned factors combination allowed to have a clean and shiny biodiesel with a flash point of 132,4 °C, ensuring its quality as a fuel according to ASTM D 93 standards.