Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/892

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Las sustancias psicoactivas y las relaciones laborales
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-20)
Pineda Sánchez, Solange Nicole
;
Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana Fidencia
This research explores how the use of psychoactive substances relates to workplace interactions within the Decentralized Autonomous Government (GAD) of Ambato. The study originates from a rising concern about the presence of alcohol, tobacco, and other opioids in work environments, and how these forms of consumption may affect productivity, mental well-being, occupational safety, and the overall organizational climate. To collect the necessary information, the ASSIST-WHO questionnaire was administered together with additional instruments designed to obtain specific psychosocial data. These tools were applied to 170 active employees from the institution’s executive branch. The results show that most reported situations are associated with social or occasional use of legal substances mainly alcohol and tobacco. Several indicators linked to job performance and general functioning suggest that, for most workers, these behaviors fall within non-problematic consumption patterns. This is reflected in the low percentages related to craving, interference with daily activities, performance difficulties, or the emergence of risky behaviors. A point of concern is that only a small portion of such incidents is formally reported. Among these are moments when employees become distracted while performing their duties, as well as infrequent episodes involving driving or operating machinery under the influence of psychoactive substances events that clearly pose a safety risk. Regarding the work environment, participants expressed mixed views about the visibility and availability of institutional prevention and assistance programs. Although the findings do not indicate widespread or severe substance use, the presence of these behaviors does influence workplace dynamics. For this reason, the study underscores the importance of reinforcing preventive policies, improving the visibility of existing programs, and offering confidential and more specialized support options. Strengthening these measures would contribute to better emotional well-being, safer working conditions, and healthier professional relationships within GAD Ambat
El trabajo informaly los riesgos psicosociales
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-20)
Chiluisa Chicaiza, Lady Aracely
;
Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia Jovanna
This research analyzes the psychosocial risks in informal work, focusing its study on the workers of the Plaza de "San Sebastián" in the Latacunga Canton. This work is relevant because psychosocial risks significantly affect the physical, mental and social well-being of workers, generating an impact on their quality of life and work performance. The main objective is to identify and evaluate the risk factors present in this population, contributing to the development of public policies and intervention strategies that improve their working conditions. The study employs a quantitative approach, allowing for the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data. A questionnaire based on a Likert scale was designed and applied, which evaluated four key dimensions: sociodemographic data, intra-work factors, extra-work factors and stress. The data collection was carried out with the collaboration of the workers on a voluntary basis, thanks to the support ofthe president ofthe fair. The results reveal that 48% of informal workers present high or very high levels of exposure to psychosocial risks, highlighting job insecurity, insufficient income and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, 40% experience social isolation and 38% face physical health problems associated with unfavorable working conditions. Six main dimensions of risks were identified: occupational, economic, psychological, social, physical and organizational, with the lack of access to mental health services being a critical problem for 45% of those surveyed. I came to the conclusion that the psychosocial risks in informal work comprehensively affect workers, this study shows the need to implement public policies that include access to mental health services, social support networks and the gradual formalization of employment. These measures could mitigate stress, improve economic stability and promote fairer working conditions, favoring the comprehensive development of informal workers and guaranteeing their inclusion in a more equitable society.
Edadismo y desempeño laboral en docentes universitarios
(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09)
Salas Tipán, Luis Fernando
;
Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia Jovanna
Ageism is a social issue that is present all over the world, it refers to the discrimination that a person may suffer regarding his or her age, where the most affected are the elderly. This issue has always prevailed in society and lately, a term has been coined to describe this problem "ageism". Work performance is a fundamental pillar to meet the objectives previously set within organizations. The general objective of this research is to determine the influence that ageism has on older adult teachers’ work performance working at Universidad Técnica de Ambato. The research has a quantitative approach, is descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 45 older adult teachers. For the execution of the research, a quantitative approach methodology was used based on two instruments. CENVE was used for the negative stereotypes, which consists of three dimensions "Health", "Motivational-Social-Occupational" and "Character-Personality" EVADEST was used to measure work performance, consisting of six dimensions: "Work Knowledge", "Work Quality", "Responsibility", "Productivity", "Ability and Dexterity" and "Attitude towards the Company", with a total of 25 items. Each of the instruments applied to the teachers has a reliability and validity test previously carried out by experts in the area, by means of which the level of negative stereotypes and the level of the older adult teachers’ work performance currently present are determined.
Cualificación profesional de las personas con discapacidad y su desempeño laboral en las instituciones públicas del cantón Pelileo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2020-08)
Pilataxi Pérez, Patricia Gabriela
;
Paredes Ruíz, Teresa de Jesus
The purpose of this research work is to determine the professional qualification of people with disabilities and work performance in the public institutions of the Pelileo canton, with the purpose of promoting efficiency and effectiveness in organizations that have this type of staff. There is a pattern in the problem at a general level of public sector institutions, they do not have an established protocol, or a structured planning that allows the development of the skills of people with disabilities, they are strictly subject to the fact of hiring for comply with the law. The methodological approach used in the present investigation is mixed, since both the qualitative perspective is required to determine the non-measurable parameters and the quantitative one to arrive at conclusions of numerical value in order to establish patterns for the analysis and their due interpretation. As an instrument, surveys aimed at workers with disabilities in the public sector institutions of the Pelileo canton were used, establishing a sample of 55 employees, concluding the absence of a way to professionally qualify. Once the instrument was applied to people with disabilities in the Public Institutions of the Pelileo canton, results were obtained under Cronbach alpha analysis, which allows obtaining satisfactory referrals based on weighting frequencies. Through this, it can be said that factors such as: responsibility, level of knowledge, self-esteem, incentives, dependence, cooperation, compliance, communication, human talent are considered. Therefore, it is recommended to create a legislative body that recognizes the need to provide public entities with procedures for workers with disabilities to have the respective professional qualification and creating an institution capable of carrying out the mandates.

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