Unidad de Posgrados

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/11

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2014 - 20194

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Tema: search.filters.subject.RIESGOS QUÍMICOS

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Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Los riesgos químicos y su incidencia en la salud ocupacional de los trabajadores del proceso de limpieza de filtros de aire de la empresa Teojama Comercial S.A., de la ciudad de Ambato, Provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2019)
    Thomé Chapanta, Hilda Fabiola
    ;
    Vega Pérez, Geovanny José
    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In the study carried out of the Chemical Risks and their incidence in the Occupational Health of the workers of the process of cleaning of air filters of the company Teojama Comercial SA, through the risk assessment based on the NTP 330: Simplified system of risk assessment of accident it was determined that the chemical risk has the level of intervention II, where it requires correcting and adopting control measures. Based on this preliminary investigation, a hygienic evaluation is carried out at the workplace where it is determined that workers are exposed to doses that exceed the permissible limit value according to what UNE 17330-2 indicates; 2014. Through laboratory tests, the type of solid waste that is deposited in the work environment when performing the activity of cleaning air filters is analyzed, resulting in the presence of silicon, lead and mercury metals. , which clearly demonstrates the negative effect it can have on workers' respiratory health. For the verification of the dependent variable, a validated survey is carried out opportunely directed to the workers involved, who affirmed that the greater the exposure to the greater activity, the deterioration in their health. Taking into account the previous evaluations, we propose the design and construction of an air filter cleaning machine that works with compressed air that cleans the filter from the inside out, encapsulating the particulate material by depositing it in a cloth bag inside that can be removed without danger of contamination. The metallic structure is designed in the free software MDSOLIDS, the electronic operation is based on ARDUINO. The air filter cleaning machine corresponds to an effective solution not only of the chemical risk but also of other types of risks derived from the activity.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Estudio del material particulado en la descarga de trigo y su incidencia en la calidad del aire de la Industria Molinera
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2018)
    Herrera Robalino, David Marcelo
    ;
    Jordán Hidalgo, Edisson Patricio
    EXECUTIVE SUMARY The present work focused on the study of the chemical risk present in the wheat reception area of the milling industry. The objective of this study is to analyze the particulate material in wheat unloading and its impact on air quality for workers. The Methodology used responds to qualitative processes such as a questionnaire, a survey, checklists and an occupational risk assessment matrix; It is also used in quantitative methods such as monitoring the air quality in the workplace. This allows to evaluate the quality of the air and to measure the level of exposure to which they are exposed to the workers in their daily tasks. The results of this study showed unacceptable levels of contamination in the areas of: wheat reception, pellet packing, cleaning - unloading area and cleaning of the pellet area. These methods were applied manually and administratively: the design of a localized extraction system and a plan for the prevention of occupational risks. The result of the applicable measures is the acceptable reduction of the particulate material in the workplace and the development of the procedures that prevent possible effects on workers' health. It is estimated that this minimizes the worker's exposure to the identified risk factor and allows the consolidation of sustainable products that favor the well-being of the workers, the profitability of the company, and welfare of the community and the care of the environment.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Riesgos Químicos y su incidencia en la Salud de los Trabajadores en el Área de Ingeniería de Calzado de la Empresa PLASTICAUCHO INDUSTRIAL S.A.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2016)
    García Álvarez, Marco Vinicio
    ;
    Rosero Mantilla, César Aníbal
    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The development of the present project refers to the global, national and local problems, with scientific studies that have been guaranteed by the international institutions that infer in the analysis of the chemical products; It also presents the academic chapters that are established for the research process about chemical risks and their affectation to workers' health. The document shows research on chemical risk and methods that are developed for industrial hygiene; The approach is given by the analysis of the problem, including the different causes and consequences that are presented in the area of Footwear Engineering; It also points out the guidelines that connect the theoretical study and its implementation when practicing it and leading in the implementation of safety and health mechanisms in the industrial field. The survey and the interview applied help in order to expand the qualitative results of the hypothesis. The methods applied in the area of Footwear Engineering of the company Plasticaucho Industrial, are used to identify risks and the evaluate the level of chemical risk in which workers are exposed; The quantitative results point out the level of doses and the magnitude of the concentrations in the environment of the place of work, leading in the proposal of the appropriate controls and improvement of the environment; The methodological sequence of industrial hygiene is also applied for the preventive measures in the workers´ health, the analysis is presented with the affections that are supposed to be a cause of the chemical contaminants by the vapors of glues and solvents that are the Toluene and Ketone.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Los riesgos químicos producidos por compuestos orgánicos volátiles en la zona de abastecimiento de combustible del Grupo Aéreo Nº 44 Pastaza, y su efecto en la salud de los trabajadores del aeropuerto Río Amazonas de Shell
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado, 2014)
    Yedra Machado, David Alejandro
    ;
    Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
    El presente proyecto analiza los riesgos químicos producidos por los compuestos orgánicos volatiles (Octano, Benceno, Combinaciòn de Reactor A1 e Iso-octano) que están sujetos los trabajadores del grupo aéreo Nº 44 Pastaza del aerpuerto río amazonas de Shell, en la utilización del combustible para aeronaves. El presente estudio de investigación se enmarca de importancia y justificación ya que consta de una aplicación de un programa de prevención de sustancias peligrosas y está orientada en mejorar las condiciones de vida de los trabajadores; este fin persigue la presente tesis. Por consiguiente es necesario realizar trabajo de campo (IN SITU), para determinar los riesgos latentes en la zona de abastecimiento de combustible, evaluarlos y controlarlos. La falta de conocimiento de la población del grupo aéreo sobre los riesgos y peligros existentes, entre otras falencias; obliga a una formación integral del trabajador en temas de seguridad y ambiente. Uno de los compuestos analizado y mas representativos dentro de la zona de estudio es el Benceno mismo que contiene una dosis de 0,85 valor que se encuentra cerca al límite permisible por el ser humano que es 1. La aireación y circulación del viento en los procesos de trabajo es fundamental para el buen desempeño de los trabajadores. Las dosis de los compuestos orgánicos volátiles en la zona de abstecimiento de combustible provocan enfermedades graves y por ende el índice de morbilidad es alto, el espacio de almacenamiento, registro y gaseo de combustible no es óptimo por lo que puede suceder adversidades altamente considerables para el ambiente laboral y los trabajadores, es por ello que a través del programa de prevención de sustancias peligrosas se minimizará las afectaciones a los trabajadores y al medio laboral. EXECUTE SUMMARY This project analyzes the chemical risks produced by volatile organic compounds (octane, benzene, Combination of Reactor A1 and Iso-octane) subject workers air group No. 44 Pastaza of Aerpuerto Amazon River Shell in fuel utilization aircraft. This research study is part of importance and justification as it consists of an application of a program to prevent hazardous substances and is aimed at improving the living conditions of workers; this purpose pursued by this thesis. Therefore it is necessary fieldwork (SPOT), to determine the latent risks in the fuel, evaluate and control. Lack of knowledge of the population of the air group on the risks and hazards involved, among other shortcomings; requires comprehensive worker training in safety and environment. One of the compounds used and most representative within the study area is the same benzene containing a dose value of 0.85 is close to the allowable limit for human beings to be 1. Aeration and wind circulation in the work processes is essential for the good performance of workers. Doses of volatile organic compounds in the fuel supply facilities cause serious illness and therefore the morbidity rate is high, storage space, registration and gaseous fuel is not optimal for what may happen to the highly significant adversity work environment and workers, which is why the program through prevention of hazardous substances the effects on workers and minimize workplace.