Ciencias Agropecuarias

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/870

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Inteligencia artificial para la detección de dos enfermedades en manzana (Malus domestica, var. Emilia)
(2025-08)
Alomalisa Machado, Christian Ivan
;
Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
Early detection of diseases in agricultural crops is essential to ensure sustainable and profitable production. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a key tool for the development of automated plant health diagnosis systems. This thesis aims to develop an AI-based model for the detection of two common diseases in apple trees: powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) and apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), using digital images of leaves. To achieve this, a database of apple leaf images (cv. Emilia) was created, classified into three categories: healthy, with mildew, and with scab. The images were acquired, preprocessed, and annotated using the Roboflow platform. Subsequently, an object detection model based on YOLOv12 was trained to identify and visually locate affected areas in each image. The performance of the model was evaluated using metrics such as precision, sensitivity, and specificity, yielding promising results. The model showed optimal performance in identifying healthy leaves and those affected by scabs, along with a good balance between sensitivity and precision in detecting mildew. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using deep learning models for the automated detection of foliar diseases in fruit trees. This study contributes to the development of accessible and scalable technological solutions for the efficient monitoring of diseases in apple crops, supporting informed decision-making in integrated pest and disease management.
Evaluación del uso de aceites vegetales para el control de oídio en mora (Rubus Glaucus) en la Parroquia Sucre, Cantón Patate
(2025-08)
Quinaluiza Plaza, Katheryn Michelle
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
The objective of the research work was to evaluate the use of two vegetable oils (Amin- oil and Hydrozoil) for the control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp) in the established 2-year-old blackberry crop (Rubus Glaucus). This trial was carried out in the Sucre parish, Canton Patate. Three doses of each of the oils were tested at a rate of 3cc/lt, 4cc/lt and 5cc/lt. The purpose of this research is to find different, economic and effective alternatives for the control of powdery mildew in blackberry, which is one of the fruits with the highest demand in the market of the province of Tungurahua. Therefore, the work was carried out with a completely randomised block experimental design, with a 3x2+1 factorial arrangement with 3 replications; the variables studied were: percentage of incidence and percentage of severity. The results showed that the percentage of incidence indicated that they did not manage to reduce the presence or the attack of this disease towards the blackberry crop; in the severity variable, the A1D1 treatment obtained the best result at 16 and 24 days with averages of 19.28% and 16.96%, that is to say the Amin-oil with its dose of 3cc/lt helped to control the attack of powdery mildew (Oidium sp) avoiding that the damages continued affecting the crop
Evaluación de 2 fungicidas a base de violeta de genciana para el control de oídio en cultivo de mora (Rubus glaucus)
(2025-08)
Gómez Sangucho, Alexandra Jennifer
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
Blackberry harvesting (Rubus glaucus) is considered to be one of the most extensively produced crops in the Ecuadorian Highlands, grown by both large- and small-scale farmers. Tungurahua Province is one of the leading production areas, making a significant contribution to the economic income of local growers and helping improve their overall quality of life. Due to the wide range of soil and climate conditions in which the crop is grown, it is vulnerable to various pests and diseases that thrive in high humidity environments, where they can easily establish and reproduce. This has become a major challenge for producers, as it directly impacts crop yields. One of the most serious issues affecting blackberry harvesting is the disease caused by (Oidium sp.) For this reason, this research focused on evaluating two fungicides based on gentian violet for the control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) in blackberry crops. The study was conducted in Mocha Canton, bordering Tisaleo Canton, in El Triunfo neighborhood, under the title: “Evaluation of two Gentian Violet-Based Fungicides for the control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) in blackberry (Rubus glaucus) harvesting.” The main objectives were to determine the most effective dosage and identify the best product for controlling Oidium sp. Two products were tested: P1 (gentian violet) and P2 (quaternary ammonium based on gentian violet), at concentrations of (1.25 cc/L, 2.00 cc/L, and 5.00 cc/L). A completely randomized design (DBCA) was applied, with a 2×3+1 factorial arrangement and three replicates. The variables evaluated included disease incidence, severity, and fruit weight per plant. An analysis of variance (ADEVA) was performed, and the data were statistically analyzed using Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the best treatment for managing powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) was (P1D3), (gentian violet at a dose of 5 cc/L). This treatment had the lowest incidence and severity, allowing for quality fruit.
Evaluación de tres productos para el control de Oídio (Oídium sp.) en el cultivo de duraznero (Prunus persica) en el Cantón Cevallos
(2024-08)
Ocaña Tisalema, Anderson Fabricio
;
León Gordon, Olguer Alfredo
The objective of this study was to evaluate three products for the control of powdery mildew (Oídium sp.) in the peach crop (Prunus persica) in Cantón Cevallos. In an established crop of badger variety and 5 years old. This project was carried out specifically in Caserío Santo Domingo in the property of Mr. Olguer León. We analyzed which is the best product and the best frequency of applicationfor powdery mildew control, the variables studied are: percentage of incidence, fruit size,fruit weight, measurement of chlorophyll and nitrogen. The treatment that gives us the lowest incidence and the one that gives us the highest weight and size is T3 and the one that contains the best chlorophyll and nitrogen is T1. All these data were analyzed in a significant Tukey test at 5% which results show that the lowest percentage of incidence is 13.06% and the highest weight 102.67 g, the largest equatorial size 6.27cm, the largestpolar size 7.03cm, these results are obtained with treatment 3 (Libertaje), in chlorophyll we have 20, 16SPAD, in nitrogen 6.58mg/g, these results were obtained with treatment 1(Vitanica ZR) to obtain a lower percentage of incidence and give a better crop yield withhigher production and quality fruit, the product that helps us with these results is the Libertaje in the frequency of application every 12 days

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