Ciencias Agropecuarias

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/870

Examinar

Resultados de la búsqueda

Mostrando 1 - 10 de 21

Evaluación del efecto molusquicida de los extractos vegetales (Agave americana, Furcraea andina) como alternativa para el control de Babosas (Deroceras reticulatum) en el cultivo de fresa (Fragaria Ananassa)
(2025-08)
Azas Caizaguano, Aracelly Yajaira
;
Peréz Salinas, Marco Oswaldo
The present study aimed to evaluate the molluscicidal effect of plant extracts from Agave americana and Furcraea andina as biological alternatives for the control of Deroceras reticulatum (slugs) in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cultivation. The experiment was conducted in an established Albion variety strawberry crop in the Santa Rosa parish, Ambato canton. A completely randomized block design (CRBD), considering two plant extracts at two concentrations (25% and 50%), plus two controls (absolute and chemical), with three eplications per treatment. The evaluated variables were: number of dead slugs, and damaged fruits before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test at 5%. Results showed that the Agave americana extract at 50% (D1E2) was the most effective treatment, achieving the highest slug mortality at 30 days (8.33 individuals), with results comparable to the chemical control. However, all extracts showed a decrease in effectiveness at 45 days, indicating a limited residual effect. Regarding damaged fruits, no statistically significant differences were observed between treatments or evaluation times. It is concluded that the plant extracts, especially Agave americana at 50%, possess high molluscicidal potential in strawberry crops. Its use is recommended as an agroecological alternative, although further research on its persistence is suggested, along with combining it with other strategies to maximize effectiveness in reducing visible fruit damage
Evaluación de extractos vegetales de Matricaria chamomilla Y Thymus vulgaris para el control de mildiu polvoso (Erysiphe cichoracearum) en zucchini (Cucurbita pepo)
(2024-02)
Chango Sacon, Edisson Hernán
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
The trial was carried out on the property of Mrs. María Sacón located in Quillan Loma in the parish of Izamba, with the objective of controlling powdery mildew in the Zucchini crop through the application of plant extracts. In this trial, a Completely Randomized Block Experimental Design (DBCA) was used with a factorial arrangement of 2 extracts and 3 doses plus 1 control (2 x 3 + 1), with three repetitions at 30, 40 and 50 days, at Significant responses were applied with the Tukey test at 5%. The variables studied were incidence, severity and incubation period. The plant extracts used were chamomile and thyme each at 3 different concentrations that were 30%, 40% and 50%. The extracts with the highest concentration were those with the greatest control. In this trial, the two treatments that led in the lowest incidence 30 days from their first application were E2D3 (71.72%) and E1D3 (73.03%), in severity E2D3 (22.36%) and E1D3 (23.13%) denote a very notable difference with respect to the control, ending with 98.03% incidence and 50.50% severity. In addition, we also have that the incubation period occurred between days 6, 7 and 8 after the transplant, reflecting that it occurred very soon, this was because favorable conditions existed for the development of this disease. Keywords: Disease, control, extracts, incidence, severity, incubation
Evaluación del rendimiento de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L. var. Coolguard) con la aplicación de dos extractos de algas en el cantón Cevallos
(2023-09)
Cueva Gómez, Kerly Nicol
;
Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
The present study was carried out in the properties of the experimental farm Docente Querochaca of the Cevallos canton, Tungurahua province, with the purpose of evaluating the yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Coolguard), using artisanal extract of freshwater algae from Spirogyra species, applied with three doses compared to a commercial algae extract Nodosum®. An experimental design with randomized blocks was carried out with seven treatments in three repetitions. The data obtained were analyzed using ADEVA and the Tukey test at 5%, observing the following results: For the variables cabbage diameter, plant height, cabbage mass, root length, cabbage color and crop yield, showing the following results, the most outstanding being T1 for the yield variable with an average of 24.80 t/ha and for plant height the best treatment was (T2) with an average height of 19.78 cm, composed of the product 1 (artisanal seaweed) with the dose (2.5 ml), as well as the treatment that stood out was T1 composed of product 1 (artisanal seaweed) with dose 1 (1.5 ml) in the cabbage diameter variable with an average of 139.58 mm in diameter, that is to say that these two treatments had better agronomic characteristics, for which we can say that these variables were better adapted to the area where the research work was carried out, while the composite T3 treatments by (P1D3); T4 (P2D1); T5 (P2D2); T6 (P2D1) and Control presented lower values than T1 (P1D1) and T2 (P1D2)
Evaluación de dos métodos de extracción de ruda, ortiga y ajo para el control de Brevicoryne brassicae (pulgón) en el cultivo de col morada (Brassicacea oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)
(2023-03)
Guashca Millingalli, José Francisco
;
Velástegui Espín, Giovanny Patricio
Purple cabbage (Brassicacea oleracea var. Capitata f. rubra)" is a vegetable of great economic interest due to its high production and market demand, however, in order to have a good production, it has been necessary to use conventional agrochemicals to reduce pathogens, and the indiscriminate use of these products has caused problems to the environment and human health. The present investigation was carried out in the Huachi San Francisco sector and its objective was to evaluate the effect of two extraction methods for aphid control. The factors studied were; infusion method (M1) with three application doses D1 (8 ml/L), D2 (12 ml/L) and D3 (16 ml/L) and maceration (M2) with doses of D1 (0.5 L), D2 (1 L) and D3 (1.5 L) with an application frequency of 6 and 15 days after transplanting. A split-plot design with 3 replications was used, where the large plot corresponds to the methods and the sub-plots to the doses. A hierarchical analysis was performed for the results because the doses of the extracts applied were different from each other. The variables evaluated were: incidence, severity, days to aphid appearance and percentage of aphids present on the upper and lower side of the leaf, however, statistically none of the applied doses and methods had significant differences, considering that this depends on many climatic factors such as the relatively low temperature and humidity that occurred during the months of the research, so it is understood that they were not the most appropriate, greatly influencing the adaptation and development of the aphids and in the same way in the application of the extracts.
Evaluación de extractos vegetales para el enraizamiento de Arrayán (Luma apiculata) y Álamo (Populus alba) mediante propagación por estacas
(2022-09)
Tinta Quispilema, Karen Estefanía
;
Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
The research was carried out in Querochaca Experimental Farm, Agricultural sciences Faculty, Ambato Technical University, located in Cevallos canton, Tungurahua province, with the purpose: evaluate plant extracts for the rooting of myrtle (Luma apiculata) and poplar (Populus alba) in the propagation by cuttings because the vegetative propagation in species of native Myrtaceae and Salicaceae are scarce, mainly in the application of plant extracts of aloe, plantain, corn and lemon combined with coconut water as natural rooting under plastic cover. The treatments in the study were eight that resulted from thecombination of the factors under study, two species of cuttings and four plant extracts (aloe, plantain, corn and lemon combined with coconut water) plus a hormonal control for each species, where obtained that the rooting of cuttings in the myrtle species was 0%. A completely randomized block experimental design (DBCA) was used with a 2x4+2 factorial arrangement with three repetitions and Tukey's test was perform5%. Through the analysis of variance carried out in the poplar species, no statistically significant differences were recorded for the variables percentage of rooted cuttings, root length and height of the plant at 60 days, similar results were obtained for the variable number of shoots at 30, 45 and 60 days, that is, the evaluated plant extracts are statistically similar to the treatment where hormonagro was applied; on the other hand, the variables number of roots and root volume did show significant differences at 60 days, with the control poplar showing the highest average with 4.67 and 1.27 cm3, respectively. Similar results were obtained in the variable shoot length where three ranges of statistical differences were recorded, with the poplar control showing the longest shoot length with an average of 10.97 cm. The results indicate that the application of plant extracts as rooting agents is a natural alternative to the commercial hormone for propagation by cuttings in the poplar species.
Evaluación de extractos vegetales de manzanilla (Matricaria chamomilla) y tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) para el control de mildiu polvoriento (Erysiphe cichoracearum) en zucchini verde (Cucurbita pepo) sakata
(2022-08)
Torres Cunalata, Álvaro David
;
León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two extracts of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) for the control of powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) on green zucchini, it was carried out in Atahualpa, Ambato, province of Tungurahua in an established crop of three months of age. An experimental design of completely randomized blocks (DBCA) with three replications was use; the extracts were obtained by the maceration method with three solutions of 10, 20 and 30%, compared with an absolute and a chemical control. Under field conditions, variables of incidence, severity and crop yield were evaluated. The results according to the statistical analysis at the end of 32 days after the first application showed that the best treatments were E2D3 (thyme at 30%) with values of 75.55% incidence control and 0.24% of severity, with an average yield per kilogram of fruit/ plant 1.1 kg,. Followed by E1D3 (chamomile at 30%) with 82,22% incidence control and 0,25% disease severity, with an average yield of 0,99 kg of fruit/plant. This proves that Thyme and Chamomile are plants with antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and insecticidal characteristics; their main composition is based on the content of secondary metabolites such phenolic acids, terpenes, flavonoids and saponins.
Manejo de Eotetranychus lewisi (Acari: Tetranychidae) utilizando extracto etanólico de orégano (Lippia origanoides L.) bajo condiciones de laboratorio
(2022-08)
Guanotasig Sasig, Edison Goevanny
;
Vásquez Freytez, Carlos Luis
The tetranychid mite, Eotetranychus lewisi (Mcgregor) can feed on more than 71 host plant species and has a wide geographic distribution, including Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Peru and Ecuador. Due to its importance as a pest, in this study the use of oregano plant extract (Lippia origanoides L.) for the management of Eotetranychus lewisi was evaluated. For this purpose, different doses of the ethanolic extract of oregano (5, 10 and 15%) were used on the mortality rate, oviposition rate and longevity of the females of E. lewisi evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 h after the application under laboratory conditions, using the methodology referred to the rearing units. An increase in the mortality rate was observed as extract concentration increased, being more evident at 24 h after the application of the extract, since the mortality rate was 3.8 times higher with the concentration of 5% of the extract, while with 10 and 15% the rate was 5.5 and 8 times higher than the control treatment. Regarding the oviposition rate, an effect of the concentration was observed, but no variations were detected in the three days of evaluation within the same concentration. Finally, longevity had a reduction of 16.7% when 5% extract was used, while with concentrations of 10 and 15%, longevity was reduced between 46.6 and 49.4% in relation to females of the witness treatment. Based on the results, oregano extract could be included in an integrated management program that leads to a reduction in the use of chemical products.
Evaluación de extractos vegetales en el control de Bactericera cockerelli en tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum), utilizando el método de termonebulización
(2022-03)
Ojeda Lluglla, Joselyn Adela
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
Solanaceae currently is threatened commonly known as paratrioza or psyllid, belonging the order Hemiptera which transmit a phytoplasma into the young leaves of tree tomato. This bacterium-like organism presents symptoms such as fruit deformation, a yellowish discoloration in the plant, once this phytoplasma reaches the root, the plant begins to dry out. Due to the current problems, various factors of biological control have been presented, generating a friendly result with the environment, for which plant extracts are one of the alternatives to be used as bactericides, insecticidal fungicides, nematicides. Plants such as ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) are one of the most used to make extracts as insecticides due to their properties and benefits related. Given the importance that this pest has taken on in cultivation, the effect of aqueous plant extracts on the control of paratrioza (Bactericera cockerelli) in tree tomato crops (Solanum betaceum) was evaluated using the thermospray method. The percentage of mortality of eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli was significantly higher by the application of the T4 extract (Garlic + ginger + chili), while the rest of the extracts used had lower pest mortality. The application of different concentrations of extracts did not show significant statistical differences, however, greater mortality of B. cockerelli can be seen when applying higher concentrations of the T4 extract, which is the one that presented the best results. The application method by thermospray in the control of B. cockerelli. It is appropriate since a very high percentage of mortality was obtained with the appropriate extract. The T4 extract (Garlic + ginger + chili), showed higher mortality in eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli, so it could be used as an alternative to the use of traditional agrochemicals and could be considered in an integrated management program of this plague.
Evaluación de la actividad antifúngica de extractos vegetales para el control de roya (Uromyces appendiculatus P.) en el cultivo de fréjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
(2021-03)
Portilla Centeno, Fredy Alexander
;
Curay Quispe, Segundo Euclides
In Ecuador, one of the crops of greatest interest in the Andean zone is bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and one of the most common diseases is rust (Uromyces appendiculatus P.), which causes considerable production losses, it generate orange colored pustules that mainly affect the foliar area and with it the photosynthesis process of the plant. The investigation was carried out in an established plot located at an altitude of 2393 meters above sea level, latitude 1º 23 ’54’ ’and longitude 78º 28’23’ ’in Patate. The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the antifungal activity of plant extracts cola de caballo (E. arvense) and chamomile (M. chamomilla) for the control of rust (U. phaseoli) applied in three different doses (10, 15 and 20%). A randomized complete block design (DBCA) with factorial arrangement (2 x 3 + 2) with three repetitions was used. Using the statistical analysis, it was possible to determine that the treatments E1C3 (20% chamomile extract) and E2C2 (15% cola de caballo extract) are those that show the lowest values in incidence with percentages of 56.11 and 55.55 % reciprocally 35 days after application, something similar occurs in severity, achieving percentages of 19.47 and 19.66% respectively. In addition, it was identified that the yield was influenced by the application doses reaching 1.33 kg in E1C3 and 1.15 kg for E2C2.
Evaluación de tres extractos vegetales para el control de ácaros (Tetranychus urticae Koch) en hojas de fresa (Fragaria x annassa)
(2021-01)
Toapanta Ichina, Janeth Elizabeth
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
The research was carried out to evaluate three vegetable extracts of chili pepper, black cabuya and avocado, for the control of the Tetranychus urticae Koch mite on strawberry leaves (Fragaria x annassa) which was carried out in the Soil Laboratories of Public Service and Entomology belonging to the Technical University of Ambato, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, located in the Cevallos canton, Tungurahua province. For the evaluation, a completely randomized block design (DBCA) with three repetitions in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% was applied, the Tukey significance tests were carried out at 5%, where obtained the following results: for the variable mortality rate, the extract with the highest efficiency was the pepper extract with the application dose of 1.6%, producing a 54% mortality rate. These data were taken 4 days after application. The data taken after 14 days of the application led to determine the fertility and longevity of the female T. urticae Koch. For the determination of fertility, the 1.6% cabuya extract was better, reducing the oviposition rate by up to 94.47%.

Ciencias Agropecuarias

Examinar

Filtros

Ajustes

Ordenar por

resultados por página

Resultados de la búsqueda