Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/813

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2021 - 20254

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Tema: search.filters.subject.PREVENCIÓN Y CONTROL

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    Item type:Ítem,
    EVALUACIÓN DEL DESEMPEÑO PROFESIONAL DE ENFERMERÍA EN DIABETES MELLITUS POR PARTE DE LOS ADULTOS MAYORES
    (2025-10-03)
    Quinatoa Casa, Blanca Maricela
    ;
    López Pérez, Grace Pamela
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with high prevalence in older adults, affecting their quality of life and increasing the risk of complications. Nursing care plays a key role in the promotion of self -care and therapeutic adherence, however, deficiencies have been identified in the health education provided to this population Objective: To assess the professional nursing performance in diabetes mellitus by older adults. Methodolo gy: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive approach. A validated structured questionnaire was used (Cronbach's α 0.97), applied to 31 older adults. Results: The promotional activities carried out by the nursing staff are occasional, and mainly focus on providing information according to 58% of the older adults. Prevention is carried out occasionally with activities such as explaining the process for taking blood sugar levels, according to 58.8% of the respondents. However, the opinion of 58.8% of the participants reflects that they have not received information about the side effects of medication. In terms of follow-up the least performed activities are home visits and communication via telephone. Conclusions: Older adults perceive inadequate performance of the nursing professional in the management of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nursing strategies that reinforce health education, effective communication, promotion, prevention, follow-up and adherence to treatment are required.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    ESTRATEGIA DE PREVENCIÓN COMUNITARIA ENFOCADA EN LA DETECCIÓN DE PACIENTES CON HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10)
    Velasco Aroca, Karen Michaela
    ;
    Zumárraga Ramos, Dennys Patricio
    Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) poses a global health challenge due to its high prevalence and the severe complications it can trigger. Late diagnosis is a common issue due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages, underscorin g the importance of early prevention strategies. Objective: The aim of this bibliographic review is to analyze community prevention strategies focused on the early detection of HTN, evaluate their effectiveness, and propose recommendations for improving their implementation. Methods: An exhaustive review of the literature was carried out using recognized academic databases . The inclusion criteria were studies focused on community strategies for HTN detection. Selected studies were analyzed and synthesized to identify best practices and areas of improvement Results: Effective strategies identified include regular blood pressure monitoring by trained health professionals, patient education about HTN and its management, and promotion of healthy lifestyles. However, challenges persist in terms of diagnostic accuracy, cultural and socioeconomic barriers, and the need to tailor interventions to the specific characteristics of each community. Conclusions: Despite the challenges, community strategies for early HTN detection are viable and necessary to combat the growing prevalence of this disease. To achieve this, a combination of rigorous training, patient education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and adaptation to community peculiarities is required. Furthermore, the need for robust health policies that support the implementation and sustainability of these intervention s is emphasized.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    MEDIDAS DE PREVEN CIÓN DE INFECCIÓN DE VÍAS URINARIAS EN PACIENTES CON SONDA VESICAL
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10)
    Toapanta Yanzapanta, Erika Vanessa
    ;
    Salgado Oviedo, Gabriela Socorro
    Urinary tract infections (UTIs) associated with the use of urinary catheters constitute a significant issue in the healthcare setting. These infections are one of the primary causes of morbidity in hospitalized patients, leading to increased hospital stays, treatment costs, and the risk of antibiotic resistance. Objective: The aim of this article is to review and synthesize the most effective strategies and preventive measures to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections in patients with urinary catheters. Methodology: An exhaustive literature review was conducted in medical databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar, using keywords like "UTI prevention", "urinary catheter", and "infection control". Studies published in the last 6 years were selected, with a focus on systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and controlled clinica l studies. Results: Indicate that aseptic technique during insertion and maintenance of cathet er s, along with continuous education of healthcare personnel, significantly reduce the inciden c e. Proper selection of the catheter, its care, and regular review of the necessity for its retention are also crucial factors. Conclusions: The implementation of protocols for aseptic insertion and maintenance, combined with staff training and continuous reassessment of the need for the catheter, are effective measures for prevention. Patient education and monitoring for prompt intervention at the signs of infection are equally important. These integrated strategies are fundamental to improving the quality of patient care and reducing infections associated with healthcare.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Estrategia de prevención comunitaria en COVID-19 en la población fundamentada en el análisis epidemiológico
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01)
    Baño Barrionuevo, Marlene Soledad Lcda.
    ;
    Villacís Valencia, Sandra Elizabeth Dr. Esp.
    The SARS-CoV-2 virus causal agent of the COVID-19 disease has caused a pandemic with extraordinary repercussions on the health, economic, political and social situation worldwide, for which Ecuador has been significantly affected with figures of 446,633 confirmed cases and 15,713 deaths, Tungurahua reports high numbers of infections and deaths. Objective: Design a community prevention strategy for the COVID-19 disease produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the province's population based on epidemiological analysis. ' Methods and Materials: This study is articulated with two Research Projects, it is defined as explanatory, experimental, longitudinal and prospective where a community prevention strategy for COVID-19 is designed based on the results obtained for the province of Tungurahua in, the period from October 05, 2020 to April 30, 2021.Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Results: The age group of 18 to 26 years old predominated in the female gender, the mestizo ethnic identification 7.2% of patients with a history of COVID-19 prior to the evaluation. 13% of the cases had signs suggestive of COVID-19 at the time of In the evaluation, among the risk factor the following predominated: Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Bronchial Asthma, Ischemic Heart Disease. And among the social risk factors predominated: overcrowding, extreme poverty, inability to access health services. 7 Conclusion: The community prevention strategy of COVID-19 based on the epidemiological analysis in the Tungurahua province shows a probable impact on the reduction of transmission, morbidity and associated mortality from the modification of identified clinical and social risk factors, together with actions for the promotion and community prevention of the disease