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CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL PUERPERIO INMEDIATO: PREVENCIÓN DE COMPLICACIONES MATERNAS
(2026-02-11)
Pillajo Landa, Jonathan Alexander
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Pillajo Landa, Jonathan Alexander
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
The immediate postpartum period constitutes the first 24 hours after delivery, representing the most critical period for maternal monitoring given that 45% of postpartum maternal deaths occur during this time. Scientific evidence indicates that the main complications include postpartum hemorrhage, which affects 1–10% of all births globally, hypertensive disorders, and puerperal infections. Ecuador presents significant disparities in maternal mortality, ranging from 19.1 to 142.2 per 100,000 live births between provinces, and indigenous women show a 9.59 times greater risk of in-hospital mortality. The objective of the study was to characterize nursing care in the immediate postpartum period for the prevention of maternal complications, identifying the most effective evidence-based interventions, evaluating their effectiveness in reducing specific complications, and analyzing their applicability to the Ecuadorian context. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, searching PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus for studies published between 2021 and 2025 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Primary studies evaluating nursing interventions in the immediate postpartum period were included, excluding those focused exclusively on the antepartum period or those with a high risk of bias. Finally, seventeen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The results show that the most effective interventions include vital sign monitoring every fifteen to thirty minutes during the first two hours, ongoing education on warning signs and self-care, application of the MAMÁ Score for early detection of complications, accurate bleeding quantification, systematic bimanual compressions, antibiotic prophylaxis during cesarean section, depression screening with validated scales, and immediate skin-to-skin contact, which increases early breastfeeding by 47%. Applicability to the Ecuadorian context requires culturally adapted programs, intercultural communication training, telemedicine for rural areas, and standardization using NANDA-NOC-NIC taxonomies, taking into account documented regional and ethnic disparities.
EXPERIENCIAS PERSONALES DE PUÉRPERAS ACERCA DE LOS CUIDADOS POSTPARTO EN EL PROCESO DE RECUPERACIÓN DOMICILIAR
(2025-09-30)
Azogue Chulco, Walter Jonathan
;
Guanga López, Maura Elizabeth
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
Maternal morbidity and mortality during or after pregnancy is one of the main problems for the WHO, since it has become more prevalent over the years. Among the main causes are hemorrhage, hypertension and postpartum infection based on various etiologies such as poor skin care, inadequate diets and faulty management at home, which can be prevented by controls during and after pregnancy, accompanied by education and recognition of warning signs. Objective: To inquire about the personal experiences of postpartum women regarding postpartum care in the home recovery process. Methodolog y : Qualitative and phenomenological research with an exploratory design, collecting personal experiences by non-probabilistic snowball sampling through a semistructured interview with 9 postpartum women from the Ambato canton with whom the information saturation was reached. Results: Several positive perspectives were obtained in relation to the quality of care, but also an imbalance between good practices carried out and adapted to the tradition and accessibility in the company and support of family networks versus a lack of education and lack of understanding at the time of discharge, which generated concern and uncertainty. Conclusion: It is essential to address postpartum care as an activity of utmost relevance, since the deficiency in education and lack of communication at the time of hospital discharge generates ignorance, concern and uncertainty compromising maternal health, leading this to adapt various traditional or cultural activities that are not always effective or give optimal results.
Estado de salud mental en madres de recién nacidos ingresados en el servicio de neonatología
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-13)
Padilla Sailema, Alejandra Elizabeth
;
Fernández Soto, Gerardo Fernando
Introduction: alterations in mental health during the postpartum period have high morbidity in mothers of hospitalized newborns, constituting an important public health problem. Objective: To evaluate the state of mental health in mothers of newborns admitted to the Neonatology Service. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional research was carried out, with a census sample of 50 mothers of newborns hospitalized at the Neonatology Service of Hospital General Docente Ambato; the Edinburgh postpartum depression questionnaire, the Goldberg scale to identify anxiety, and the Beck hopelessness scale to identify the negative expectations that a person has about their future and well-being, were applied. Results: In newborns´ mothers’ sociodemographic data predominated: 26-30 years, single, secondary academic level, housewives, primiparous; in the state of mental health: 66% of mothers suffer anxiety, 50% have no risk of postpartum depression, while 36% indicate suspicion of postpartum depression and 54% show a low risk of hopelessness. Conclusion: mothers' mental health status is affected in the postpartum period because of their child’s hospitalization, with the onset of mental disorders such as postpartum depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation.

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