Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/813

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  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    RELACIÓN ENTRE LA MICROBIOTA VAGINAL Y LAS INFECCIONES VAGINALES DE MUJERES EN EDAD FÉRTIL
    (2025-10-16)
    Gavilanes Saenz, Brandon Stalin
    ;
    Belalcázar Sánchez Yajaira Monserrath
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
    Objective: To determine the relationship between vaginal microbiota and vaginal infections in women of childbearing age. Methodology: A systematic documentary review was conducted using scientific databases (PubMed, Dialnet, Google Scholar, SciELO, and Elsevier), selecting articles published between 2020 and 2024. The search was carried out using specific keywords combined with Boolean operators, including both original research and review articles in Spanish or English. Results: Lactobacillus was identified as comprising 70–90% of the healthy vaginal microbiota, maintaining a pH between 3.5 and 4.5 through specific biochemical mechanisms. Bacterial vaginosis emerged as the most prevalent infection (8–51%), followed by vulvovaginal candidiasis (with a lifetime incidence of 70–75%). Vaginal dysbiosis, characterized by the loss of Lactobacillus dominance, facilitates pathogen colonization, establishing a negative feedback loop. Combined therapeutic interventions (antimicrobials and probiotics) showed microbial balance restoration rates of 61.5% at six weeks. Conclusion: There is a bidirectional relationship between the vaginal microbiota and infections, where microbial imbalance predisposes women to infections that, in turn, perpetuate dysbiosis. This cycle is significantly influenced by hormonal factors, particularly estrogen levels, suggesting the need for comprehensiv e therapeutic approaches that consider both pathogen elimination and restoration of the protective microbiota.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    EFECTO TERAPÉUTICO DE LOS PROBIÓTICOS COMO TRATAMIENTO COADYUVANTE PARA EL TRASTORNO DEPRESIVO MAYOR
    (2025-06-13)
    Caiza Bustos, Anabel Estefania
    ;
    Acosta Gavilánez, Roberto Iván
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
    Introduction: In the field of mental health, factors such as unbalanced diet, infections, and sustained stress lead to alterations in the functions of the intestinal microbiota, including the synthesis of neuroactive compounds. Probiotics are attributed a potential therapeutic effect in pathologies such as major depressive disorder (MDD) by modulating the gut-brain microbiota axis. Objective: To identify probiotic strains that have potential effects on the symptoms of major depressive disorder. Materials and methods: A descriptive bibliographic review was carried out with information collected from meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled studies, bibliographic reviews, intervention studies, pilot studies obtained from specialized databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library published between 2020 and 2024.Conclusions: The effects are specific to each strain. The capacity of Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum to boost tryptophan along the serotonin pathway, improving mood, anhedonia and sleep quality, is highlighted. Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 regulates the serotonergic system and the metabolism of tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin, capable of alleviating the symptoms of MDD. Despite the positive findings around the strains studied, research in larger populations is required to determine the efficacy and safety of probiotic supplementation to the classic treatment of MDD.