Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/813

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2025 - 20262

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Fecha de inicio: 2025Tema: search.filters.subject.DISBIOSIS.

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  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    MICROBIOMA INTESTINAL EN DIABETES TIPO 2: ESTUDIOS METAGENÓMICOS, CORRELACIONES CLÍNICAS Y SU POTENCIAL DIAGNÓSTICO EN EL LABORATORIO CLÍNICO
    (2026-02-03)
    Gaibor Yanchatuña, Cynthia Pamela
    ;
    Ramos Ramírez, Martha Cecilia
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico
    The gut microbiota plays a key role in the metabolic balance and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This review analysed evidence from clinical studies, metagenomics and specialist reviews to identify the microbial patterns associated with the disease and their potential diagnostic use. The studies reviewed agree that DM2 is related to a decrease in microbial diversity, a reduction in bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, and a greater presence of pro-inflammatory microorganisms. Metagenomic evidence also demonstrates that certain bacterial profiles can predict the risk of developing DM2 before clinical manifestation, reinforcing their value as early biomarkers. It was also identified that interventions such as diets rich in fiber, probiotics and prebiotics can favorably modulate the microbiota and improve glycemic metabolism. Although there are still methodological limitations that hinder its clinical implementation, gut microbiome analysis represents a promising approach for the clinical laboratory and for the development of more precise therapeutic strategies.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    RELACIÓN ENTRE LA MICROBIOTA VAGINAL Y LAS INFECCIONES VAGINALES DE MUJERES EN EDAD FÉRTIL
    (2025-10-16)
    Gavilanes Saenz, Brandon Stalin
    ;
    Belalcázar Sánchez Yajaira Monserrath
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
    Objective: To determine the relationship between vaginal microbiota and vaginal infections in women of childbearing age. Methodology: A systematic documentary review was conducted using scientific databases (PubMed, Dialnet, Google Scholar, SciELO, and Elsevier), selecting articles published between 2020 and 2024. The search was carried out using specific keywords combined with Boolean operators, including both original research and review articles in Spanish or English. Results: Lactobacillus was identified as comprising 70–90% of the healthy vaginal microbiota, maintaining a pH between 3.5 and 4.5 through specific biochemical mechanisms. Bacterial vaginosis emerged as the most prevalent infection (8–51%), followed by vulvovaginal candidiasis (with a lifetime incidence of 70–75%). Vaginal dysbiosis, characterized by the loss of Lactobacillus dominance, facilitates pathogen colonization, establishing a negative feedback loop. Combined therapeutic interventions (antimicrobials and probiotics) showed microbial balance restoration rates of 61.5% at six weeks. Conclusion: There is a bidirectional relationship between the vaginal microbiota and infections, where microbial imbalance predisposes women to infections that, in turn, perpetuate dysbiosis. This cycle is significantly influenced by hormonal factors, particularly estrogen levels, suggesting the need for comprehensiv e therapeutic approaches that consider both pathogen elimination and restoration of the protective microbiota.