Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/813

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Tipo de acceso: Acceso abiertoTema: search.filters.subject.MICROBIOMA GASTROINTESTINAL

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    Item type:Ítem,
    Metagenómica en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales
    (2025-07-01)
    Chisaguano Masaquiza Miguel Angel
    ;
    Ramos Ramírez Martha Cecilia, Bqf. Mg.
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico
    Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized by inflammation in structures of the digestive system. In this context, metagenomics has become established as a useful tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of IBD, since it is responsible for studying the sequencing of microbial DNA in a community, determining its microbial lineages and genes, as well as protein components in both the community of microorganisms and their metabolic network. Objective: To evaluate the best available scientific evidence on the role of metagenomics in inflammatory bowel diseases. Method: A bibliographic review was conducted during the period 2012-2025 using the PRISMA method. Results: Most studies show frequent modifications in the intestinal microbiota of patients with IBD. In bacterial communities, there was a reduction in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and an increase in adherent-invasive Escherichia coli, while other investigations indicated a close relationship between metagenomic profiles and their usefulness in the prognosis and clinical monitoring of the disease. Conclusion: Metagenomics has allowed a significant understanding of IBD, which has identified specific traits such as: dysbiosis, modification of metabolic pathways and diagnostic biomarkers of IBD
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE LA COMPOSICIÓN DE LA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL: RELACIÓN CON LA ENFERMEDAD CELIACA Y DESNUTRICIÓN
    (2025-06-19)
    Maridueña Paredes, Lizbeth Sarahi
    ;
    Torres Torres, Johny Mauricio
    ;
    Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
    The aim was to determine the association between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its relationship with celiac disease and malnutrition. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, using databases such as PubMed, Dialnet, Google Scholar, SciELO and Elsevier. Studies published between 2020 and 2024 in Spanish and English, which analysed the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with celiac disease, were included. The selection of studies was carried out through a threephase process: review of titles and abstracts, evaluation of the full text and final data extraction. The results revealed an intestinal dysbiosis characterised by a significant reduction in beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) and an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria (Bacteroides and Escherichia coli). These microbial alterations are not only a consequence of celiac disease, but play a fundamental role in its development. Microbial changes were identified up to 18 months before clinical manifestation, suggesting their potential as an early biomarker. Factors such as antibiotic use, birth route and type of feeding significantly influence the composition of the microbiota. In conclusion, the intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease and malnutrition. Microbial alterations compromise nutrient absorption, modify the immune response and affect intestinal permeability. Emerging therapeutic strategies focus on microbiota modulation through probiotics, prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, representing a promising approach for the management of these conditions.