Tesis Medicina Veterinaria
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Item Evaluación del efecto de la semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) sobre los niveles de testosterona y parámetros productivos en conejos mestizos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) durante la fase de engorde(2024-08) Sánchez Díaz, Leonela Mileidy; Aragadvay Yungan, Ramon GonzaloThis study investigated the effect of including flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) in diets of rabbits during the fattening phase, evaluating testosterone levels and productive parameters. Four treatments were used: T0 as control, and T1, T2, and T3 with additions of flaxseed at 3%, 6%, and 9%, respectively, all supplemented with alfalfa. Treatments (T0, T1, T2, and T3) were assigned using a randomized block design. The research was conducted over 30 days. Significant differences were observed, such as in the final weight of the rabbits, which was higher in T2 (2235.11 g) and T3 (2239.89 g) compared to T0 (1822.11 g) and T1 (2030.56 g). Food consumption varied significantly between treatments, with higher values in T2 (2187.88 g) and T3 (2282.68 g). Daily weight gain was highest in T3 (33.42 g/day), followed by T2, suggesting a potential positive effect of flaxseed on feed efficiency. There were no significant differences in feed conversion (P = 0.2583), indicating that efficiency was not affected by flaxseed addition. Mortality was low in all groups (1.23% in T0 and T1; no mortality in T2 and T3). Testosterone levels showed numerical increases with flaxseed supplementation, though without significant statistical differences. The study also evaluated carcass quality and internal organs, highlighting potential beneficial effects of flaxseed on basal metabolism and overall rabbit health.Item Evaluación del efecto antihelmíntico del aceite esencial de ajenjo (Artemisia absinthium L.) en conejos criollos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) de crianza tras patio(2024-08) Morales Pilapanta, Evelyn Lissette; Borja Caicedo, Byron EnriqueThe objective of this research was to evaluate the anthelmintic effect of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) essential oil on backyard rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Forty-five 60-day-old rabbits were used, distributed in three groups of 15 rabbits each, following a completely randomized design. The treatment groups were: a control group (T0), a group treated with 3% wormwood essential oil (T1), and a group treated with 6% wormwood essential oil (T2), all administered at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg on a single occasion. The essential oil was extracted by the steam distillation method. Coprological examinations were performed to identify parasites using the flotation technique and to count eggs present in fecal samples using the McMaster chamber. These examinations were performed before the start of treatment and at 5, 15 and 20 days after the administration of the treatments. Two species of parasites were identified: Eimeria spp. and Passalurus ambiguus. The results showed that treatment with 6% wormwood essential oil (T2) was highly effective, achieving a 90.29% reduction in the egg count of P. ambiguus. In contrast, 3% wormwood essential oil (T1) also proved to be an effective control against this parasite. These findings suggest that wormwood essential oil, especially at higher concentrations, may be a promising alternative for parasite control in backyard rabbits.Item Evaluación de los índices reproductivos de cruzamientos comerciales en conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)(2024-08) Guachi Quishpe, Jonathan Javier; Lozada Salcedo, Euclides EfraínThe objective of this research was to evaluate the reproductive indices of commercial crosses in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The experiment used 24 female rabbits of three different breeds: New Zealand (NZ), Butterfly Giant (GM) and Flemish Giant (GFL), as well as two New Zealand (NZ) males. All animals were within specific age ranges of 6 to 7 months and weight of 400 to 500 g. For the statistical analysis, a “Completely Randomized Design” (DCA) was used due to the homogeneity of the treatments. The response variables were subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify significant differences. For the comparison of means, the Duncan statistical test was used (p≤ 0.05). All statistical analyzes were carried out using Infostat software, version 2019. Maternal ability was evaluated by collecting all the reproductive indices of the crosses, in order to determine whether the does have outstanding or poor maternal ability. The results showed that the NZ x GFL cross had the highest number of live-born kits (7.00), unlike the two treatments that had lower results such as NZ x NZ (6.38) and NZ x GM (6.00). ,35). Furthermore, the NZ x GFL cross showed lower mortality at birth at 1%, compared to 4% for NZ x NZ and 6% for NZ x GM. In terms of weaning mortality, NZ x GFL also had the lowest rate at 5%, followed by NZ x NZ at 10% and NZ x GM at 12%. Additionally, the number of weaned kits was higher in NZ x GFL (6.63) and NZ x GM (5.75), compared to NZ x NZ (5.5). On the other hand, weaning weight was significantly higher in NZ x GM 286.75 g than in NZ x GFL 283.13 g and NZ x NZ 262.13 g. In conclusion, the NZ x GFL cross optimizes the survival and growth of young rabbits, demonstrating superior maternal ability and being recommended as a cross to improve reproductive rates.Item Efecto de la infusión continua de dexmedetomidina sobre la concentración alveolar mínima (CAM) de sevoflurano y eficiencia anestésica en ovariohisterectomía en conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)(2024-08) Chisag Caiza, Gissela Fernanda; Lozada Ortiz, Jenny PiedadThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane and anesthetic efficiency in ovariohysterectomy in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Twenty-four clinically healthy 7-month-old female rabbits with an-ASA I and weighing 1.8-3 kg were used. These patients were subjected to a 6-hour fast of solids and 1-hour of liquids prior to the intervention. A completely randomized design with three treatments (two experimental) and a control treatment was applied. The animals were divided by treatments with 8 animals each, that is, T1=8 rabbits, T2=8 rabbits and T3=8 rabbits. In treatment T1, an anesthetic protocol based on ketamine (15mg/kg), midazolam (0.2mg/kg) for premedication was administered intramuscularly (IM), while propofol (2mg/kg) was used intravenously (IV) for induction, In maintenance, sevoflurane was used according to the patient's requirement, at an initial CAM of 3.7% accompanied by a constant rate infusion (CRI), at a dose of 3.5 ug/kg/h of dexmedetomidine. In the second treatment the same anesthetic protocol was used with ketamine (15mg/kg), midazolam (0.2mg/kg) for intramuscular (IM) premedication, propofol (2mg/kg) was used intravenously (IV) for induction, and sevoflurane was used for maintenance according to the patient's requirement, in an initial CAM of 3.7% accompanied by a continuous infusion CRI at a dose of 5 ug/kg/h of dexmedetomidine. In the control treatment T3 the continuous infusion was not applied and a continuous drip of 0.9% sodium chloride was administered applying the same anesthetic protocol mentioned above. The physiological parameters to be evaluated were heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and sevoflurane CAM assessment. By means of an analysis of variance, the best result obtained was with the T2 treatment with an CRI at a dose of 5 ug/kg/h of dexmedetomidine, which does not present significant differences in most of the parameters, keeping them stable; however, a reduction of the CAM at 1.34% of sevoflurane was observed.Item Efecto de la castración química (ácido láctico) sobre los índices productivos de conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) de engorde(2023-09) Mites Medina, Nicole Mayte; Burgos Mayorga, Ana RafaelaThe aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of chemical castration (lactic acid) and immunocastration on productive indexes and testosterone levels in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) destined for fattening. The investigation was carried out in Pinguilí Santo Domingo, Mocha, province of Tungurahua. Three treatments were established for the experiment: a control group not castrated, a second group castrated with 5% of lactic acid applied intratesticular, and a third group that received a formula of anti GnRH (immunocastration). The results obtained indicated that there were no significant differences between the treatments in relation to weight gain (0,617>0,05), feed conversion (0,345>0,05), slaughter weight (0,837>0,05) and carcass yield (0,837>0,05). However, significant differences were found in feed consumption in kilograms (0,000<0,05) and testosterone levels (0,009<0,05), with the control group having the highest mean in both cases compared to non-castrated groups. In conclusion, chemical and immunological castration in rabbits for fattening did not have a significant impact on the productive indexes evaluated. However, an influence on testosterone levels was observed, suggesting that these castration techniques could have implications in the hormonal regulation of the animals, thereby influencing their behavior, reducing aggressive behavior and therefore the amount of and depth of lesions.