Carrera Ingeniería Bioquímica
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/809
Browse
4 results
Search Results
Item Extracción y microencapsulación de antocianinas a partir de rábano (Raphanus sativus)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2023-09) Chulde Osorio, Julisa Yelena; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoThe study of obtaining and preserving new natural pigments has been of great interest to the food industries and even more so if the natural coloring can preserve its active principle through a microsphere that protects it from external influences. The present titration work consists of the extraction of anthocyanins using 96 percent ethanol and 2.5 percent citric acid as a solvent, under the optimal conditions of a 2-squared experimental design, whose variables considered were: time and relation to plant material. with respect to the volume of solvent (MV:VD). The optimal conditions were an extraction time of 45 minutes and a MV:VD ratio of 1:30, thus obtaining a concentration of 183 mg in 100g, higher than the other treatments. The extracts characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry presented maximum absorbance values at 509 nm that correspond to antianic structures such as pelargonidin and cyanidin derivatives. In the same way, by FT-IR spectroscopy, the absorbance signals at different values of vibration frequencies that belong to the anthocyanin functional groups are clearly appreciated, so that said compound was successfully microencapsulated. The microencapsulated anthocyanins presented an encapsulation efficiency of 88.17 percent, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated at 515 nm, which determined an efficiency to inhibit the DPPH radical with 90.19 percent. Thus concluding that this legume has high antioxidant power and can be used as a functional food.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de antocianinas microencapsuladas a partir de cáscaras de berenjena (Solanum melongena)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2019-12) Telenchana Pérez, Erika Vanessa; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoThe instability of natural pigments makes it difficult to use, so the study of their extraction and conservation process will increase their stability, maintaining their properties. This research was based on the extraction, microencapsulation and evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of anthocyanins from eggplant shells (Solanum melongena). An experimental design 22 was carried out, which was determined that the optimal conditions of the extraction are with a plant material/solvent volume ratio of 1:25, a temperature of 70 more less 2 Celsius degrees and extraction time of 60 min. The microencapsulation of the bioactive compound was performed by spray drying, using two polymeric matrices (maltodextrin and gum arabic), an efficiency of 91.28 percent was obtained for microencapsulation with the mixture of these two polymers, while for maltodextrin it was 79.85 percent. To evaluate the antioxidant properties, the DPPH method was used, a maximum percentage of 257,88 and 307,19 µmol equivalents of Trolox for every gram of microencapsulated was obtained, for the case of maltodextrin and mixture respectively, the curve was also evaluated of growth of yeast S. cerevisiae subjected to oxidative stress and it was shown that microencapsulates protect the microorganism from the oxidative agent. The erythrocyte membrane stabilization method it was determined that at a concentration of 2 mg for ml for the microencapsulation with maltodextrin and 2,5 mg for ml for the case of the polymer mixture, an anti-inflammatory activity of 89,61 percent is obtained and 77,17 percent respectively, exceeding the activity of the commercial drug.Item Extracción y microencapsulación de antocianinas a partir de col morada (Brassica oleracea L.)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2019-07) Ramos Lalaleo, Eliana Catalina; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoThe extraction of anthocyanins was carried out from purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) using ethanol and hydrochloric acid as a solvent in relation to 85:15. Three levels of extraction time (60, 90, 120 min) and three levels of mass ratio of plant material - volume of solvent (1:20, 1:25 and 1:30) were studied as variables. Initially, it was determined that the best extraction conditions were: 120 minutes, with a 1:20 ratio, at a constant temperature of 70 ° C. Next, the anthocyanin concentrate was microencapsulated by spray drying, using maltodextrin DE 10 as a polymer which caused the microencapsulation to have great water solubility. FTIR spectroscopy analyzes showed that the anthocyanins were successfully microencapsulated, since the functional groups of the metabolite are masked by the polymer. The microencapsulated anthocyanins obtained an encapsulation efficiency of 90.78%. Next, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated. On the other hand, it was evaluated in vivo through the cell survival of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was exposed to oxidative stress, in order to evaluate its behavior when subjected to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. It was demonstrated that the microorganism is able to recover from cellular oxidation thanks to the presence of microencapsulation of the anthocyanins of B. oleracea, at a concentration of 50 mg / ml, which could protect it, in turn assist in its recovery from damage caused by peroxide. It was possible to reach a maximum of 1,214 turbidity, equivalent to biomass in the liquid culture.Item Extracción de antocianinas a partir de coronta de maíz morado (Zea mays L.) para el aprovechamiento de residuos agrícolas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2016-12) Manzano Naranjo, Pedro Andrés; Carpio, Cecilia MercedesThis study aimed to extract a natural dye from purple corn cobs (Zea mays L.) that could serve as a substitute for synthetic dyes which can cause damage to health, and reduce pollution caused by agricultural waste. Dye existing in purple corn is cyanidin-3-glucoside, belonging to the group of anthocyanins, which have antioxidant properties that benefit health, so when used as a substitute of chemical dyes it adds value to the product intended for human consumption. Temperature, extraction time and plant material-solvent volume relationship to obtain the best concentration of anthocyanin material was evaluated. Best results of anthocyanin concentration and yield were obtained with a 1:80 (W/V) plant material-solvent volume relationship, an extraction time of 1 hour and a temperature of 90°C, achieving a concentration of 234,870 mg/L, or 18,79 mg/g of purple corn cob with a yield of 1,879%.