Carrera Ingeniería Bioquímica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.MAPAS DE RUIDO

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    Externalidad negativa en el transporte urbano de Ambato por emisiones de ruido
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2019-12) Altamirano Freire, Kimberly Estefanía; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
    A study of economic losses caused by the ambient noise generated by urban buses that circulate in the 5 platforms of the city of Ambato was carried out. The equivalent sound pressure level (NPSE) was determined, according to ISO 1996-2: 2007 considering a period of 15 weeks from 12:00 - 13:00h under environmental conditions of temperature of 17 Celsius degrees, humidity 59 percent and atmospheric pressure of 1 atm, using an integrating, averaging type I sound level meter. For the calculation of the noise affectation, the econometric models that estimate the willingness to pay (DAP), Costs for medical expenses and the assessment of fatalities established in INFRAS for IWW, 2004 were considered. In the 156 points distributed in an area of 1200 km2 NPSE values were recorded between 58.8 dB, and 75.3 dB. 90.38 percent of the measurement points exceeded the limit established according to the Unified Text of the Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment (TULSMA) of 65 dB. The total cost of noise was valued at 1,081,433.84 dollars per year, which compared to similar jobs (Euskadi- Spain) has a low value considering urban transport as the only source of pollution.
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    Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental para la Unidad Desconcentrada de Terminales, Área de Transferencia América y Cashapamba de la ciudad de Ambato, siguiendo los lineamientos de la norma ISO 1996-2:2007 en convenio con el GAD Municipaldad de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2017-10) Morales Mariño, Johanna Vanessa; Vargas López, José Homero
    The present work consisted in the monitoring of sound pressure levels within the 3 terrestrial terminals in the city of Ambato in order to know the generated environmental noise and its graphical representation through a Geographic Information System ArcGIS 10.3. In order to establish the points of measurement, important aspects were taken into account such as the development in the vehicular traffic, area and distribution of bus platforms, inputs and outputs of each terminal. It was established the division by zones in the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit with a total of 72 points, 26 points for the America’s Transfer Area and 29 points in the Cashapamba’s Transfer Area. The guidelines described in ISO 1996-2: 2007 for the determination of environmental noise levels were applied and these results were compared with the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA) that according to the land use, the analyzed areas are considered as mixed commercial zones with an equivalent sound pressure level of 65 decibels (dB) at the corresponding time of 6:00 am. - 20:00 pm, obtaining higher and lower values in relation to said value. The high noise levels were manifested within the first week of measurement for all analyzed terminals, being thus the Arrival Area of Units belonging to the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit where was generated a value of 72dB, while for the Areas of Transfers Cashapamba and América were 68dB and 69dB respectively, showing that these values exceed the limit allowed by TULSMAN evidencing significant differences for each terminal.
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    Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental para la Unidad Desconcentrada de Terminales, Área de Transferencia América y Cashapamba de la ciudad de Ambato, siguiendo los lineamientos de la norma ISO 1996-2:2007 en convenio con el GAD Municipaldad de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2017-10) López Zamora, Juan Carlos; Vargas López, José Homero
    The present work consisted in the monitoring of sound pressure levels within the 3 terrestrial terminals in the city of Ambato in order to know the generated environmental noise and its graphical representation through a Geographic Information System ArcGIS 10.3. In order to establish the points of measurement, important aspects were taken into account such as the development in the vehicular traffic, area and distribution of bus platforms, inputs and outputs of each terminal. It was established the division by zones in the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit with a total of 72 points, 26 points for the America’s Transfer Area and 29 points in the Cashapamba’s Transfer Area. The guidelines described in ISO 1996-2: 2007 for the determination of environmental noise levels were applied and these results were compared with the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA) that according to the land use, the analyzed areas are considered as mixed commercial zones with an equivalent sound pressure level of 65 decibels (dB) at the corresponding time of 6:00 am. - 20:00 pm, obtaining higher and lower values in relation to said value. The high noise levels were manifested within the first week of measurement for all analyzed terminals, being thus the Arrival Area of Units belonging to the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit where was generated a value of 72dB, while for the Areas of Transfers Cashapamba and América were 68dB and 69dB respectively, showing that these values exceed the limit allowed by TULSMAN evidencing significant differences for each terminal.
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    Elaboración de un mapa estratégico de contaminación acústica diurno de las plataformas territoriales dos y tres para la zon urbana Sur y Este de la ciudad de Ambato, mediante la utilización de un Sistema de Información Geográfico ArcGis, en acuerdo con el Ilustre Municipio de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2017-04) Villaroel Morales, Diana Carolina; Pérez Aldas, Lander Vinicio
    The present investigation consists in demonstrating the behavior of an environmental factor that affects the quality of life due to unpleasant sounds that generate discomfort in the inhabitants of the city of Ambato. In this way, environmental authorities aware of this problem, creates a control and evaluation of environmental noise in order to develop strategic maps of daytime noise pollution. The monitoring points were selected based on factors such as: road density, population density and distances from agglomeration areas (Schools, Shopping Centers, Bus Stop, Markets). For this, in the urban area South and East 28 places were delimited distributed in territorial platforms two and three. In this way the noise measurements were executed following the methodology established in ISO 1996-2: 2007 "Acoustics. Description, measurement and evaluation of environmental noise ". In addition, the UTM geographical coordinates and meteorological conditions (temperature, wind speed, pressure, humidity) were recorded for each measurement site. The results were compared to the maximum permissible limits according to the current legislation: Unified Text Reform Secondary Legislation, Environment (TULSMA), demonstrating that 100% of the points do not comply with this norm due to urban development. The acoustic simulation was performed in an ArcGIS geographic information system applying the interpolation model by estimation: Inverse of the Weighted Distance (IDW) that allows to develop a spatial analysis in which the critical points that generate greater noise are evidenced.
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    Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental diurno de la plataforma territorial 4 - zona norte de la ciudad de Ambato como herramienta estratégica para la gestión del control de la contaminación acústica del GADMA
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2015) Barroso Barrera, Magaly Gissela; Pérez Aldas, Lander Vinicio
    The growth of cities over recent years and the increase of the activities taking place in urban areas have caused a type of pollution that affects the health and human development, it is noise pollution or noise. The present study had as a principal objetive elaboration of a map of environmental noise of the territorial platform 4 -north of the city of Ambato. For this, we obtained environmental noise information (LAeq, Lmax and Lmin) of 21 sample points distributed in the territorial platform. The obtained values were compared with the noise environmental law to establish if in the north of the city fulfills with the parameters established. At the same time, the percentage of measurement uncertainty was calculated using ISO 1996-2: 2007 to establish the possible causes of noise attenuation. Additionally, was register data the wind speed, temperature, humidity and pressure were recorded to determine the spatial climatic variability it affects sound pressure levels in the study area. A Geographic Information System was used for the elaboration the environmental noise map in five schedules the measurement. The noise maps showed that the places located in the downtown area of the platform and the Panamerican Highway, are the most affected with noise levels above 70 decibels. These values are attributed to the high vehicular movement and to the agglomeration of economic activities.
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    Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental diurno de las plataformas territoriales uno y cinco de la ciudad de Ambato en convenio con el GAD Municipalidad de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2015) Vargas Velastegui, Lorena Carolina; Pérez Aldas, Lander Vinicio
    In this paper the reality of a problem that affects the whole society is reflected; noise pollution is a direct consequence of the activities taking place in the city and every day generates more discomfort in the community. To solve this became essential to evaluate and characterize the noise in time and space. The noise pollution monitoring points were determined through geoprocessing tools, considering variables such as road density, population density and areas of existing conglomerates (schools, stadiums, markets, bus stops). Thus 19 points were established in the territorial platform 1 and 2 points on platform 5. For noise assessment methodology was followed proposed in the ISO 1996 –2: 2007 Acoustics. Description, measurement, and assessment of environmental noise. The results of sound pressure levels were compared with the maximum permissible limits in the current technical standard: Reform Unified Text of the Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULSMA). As a result, it is stated that none of the noise emission points both platforms conforming to that standard, this due to anthropogenic activity generated in the city. The mapping of the noise situation was developed through computer software ArcGIS 10.1 using the tool weighted inverse distance (IDW) allowed to carry out a comprehensive spatial analysis which revealed several critical points noise emission generated in the downtown area of the town of Ambato.
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    Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental diurno de las plataformas territoriales uno y cinco de la ciudad de Ambato en convenio con el GAD Municipalidad de Ambato
    (2015) Vargas Velastegui, Lorena Carolina
    En el presente trabajo se refleja la realidad de un problema que afecta a la toda la sociedad; la contaminación acústica es una consecuencia directa de las actividades que se desarrollan en la ciudad y que cada día genera más molestia en la comunidad. Para dar solución a esto se hizo imprescindible realizar una evaluación y caracterizar el ruido en tiempo y espacio. Los puntos de monitoreo de contaminación acústica fueron determinados a través de herramientas de geoprocesamiento, considerando variables como: densidad de vías, densidad poblacional y áreas de conglomeraciones existentes (escuelas, estadios, mercados, paradas de autobuses). De esta manera se establecieron 19 puntos en la plataforma territorial 1 y 2 puntos en la plataforma territorial 5. Para la evaluación del ruido se siguió la metodología propuesta en la norma ISO 1996 –2: 2007 “Acústica. Descripción, medición y evaluación del ruido ambiental”. Los resultados de niveles de presión sonora fueron comparados con los límites máximos permisibles señalados en la norma técnica vigente: Reforma Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria, Medio Ambiente(TULSMA). Como consecuencia de esto se manifiesta que ninguno de los puntos de emisión de ruido de ambas plataformas cumple con dicha norma, esto debido a la actividad antropogénica generada en la urbe.La cartografía de la situación acústica fue elaborada mediante el software informático ArcGis 10.1 usando la herramienta distancia inversa ponderada (IDW) que permitió llevar a cabo un análisis espacial integral que reveló varios puntos críticos de emisión de ruido generados en la zona centro del casco urbano de Ambato.