Browsing by Author "Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Detección de staphylococcus aureus sarm mediante pruebas fenotípicas y automatizadas en personal de salud del Hospital General Privado Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-09-22) Chasi Tisalema, Johanna Jacqueline; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SARM) is a bacterium of high medical importance, the spread at the hospital level is due to aerosolization and direct contact between healthcare personnel and patient. The present study is of current interest because this microorganism, if not promptly detected, can be pathogenic and cause serious infections. The purpose of this study is to identify SARM at the nasal and hand level in the health personnel of the Ambato General Private Hospital, in addition the antimicrobial sensitivity profile of the detected strains will be prolonged. A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was undertaken with a sampling of nasal and hand swabs from 29 health professionals. Isolation and identification was carried out using conventional methods according to CLSI criteria and by the VITEK 2 COMPACT automated equipment. The results were analyzed using the IMB SPSS 29 system. 17.4% of the samples analyzed presented S. aureus, 80% from nostrils and 20% from hands, in addition, SARM methicillin-resistant strains in 3.4% corresponding to nasal samples. Therefore, the presence of S. aureus in health personnel is a risk and therefore its prompt diagnosis is paramount, as well as encouraging biosafety measures in all personnel working in health institutions, requiring special attention to prevent infections at a systemic level.
Estudio comparativo de los métodos: Electro Quimioluminiscencia, e Inmunofluorescencia. Para la determinación de Troponina Cardiaca como ayuda diagnóstica en el Infarto Agudo de Miocardio
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-04-01) Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier; Tabares Rosero, Lourdes Gioconda Dra. Mg.
The comparative study of analytical methods is a new and innovative research, this research was conducted in the laboratory Movilab SA, of Ambato and in the laboratory of the Regional Hospital of Ambato, whose objective was the determination of cardiac troponin using two methods different as: the method electrochemiluminescence used by the cobas 411 equipment and that determines troponin Cardiac TnT and immunofluorescence method used by the I-Chroma team determines Troponin Cardiac TnI and identify which method is more sensitive and specific to help diagnose IAM. The research was analytic observational with case control study because its goal was to test the hypothesis and to discover which of the two methods is the most sensitive to aid diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. For sampling, we verified that the participants meet the criteria for inclusion, as the type of sampling is probabilistic and the choice of patients was on a scientific basis. The data obtained by the determination of the two methods gave quantitative results, the study population included 52 patients aged between 40-80 years of service Regional Emergency Hospital of Ambato, with medical application of cardiac troponin determination. It was concluded that the sensitivity for electrochemiluminescence method was 41% with a specificity of 100% for patients diagnosed with IAM, while the immunofluorescence method sensitivity was 23.8% with a specificity of 84% for patients diagnosed with IAM.
Estudio comparativo de los métodos: Electro Quimioluminiscencia, e Inmunofluorescencia. Para la determinación de Troponina Cardiaca como ayuda diagnóstica en el Infarto Agudo de Miocardio
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-04-01) Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier; Dra. Mg. Tabares Rosero, Lourdes Gioconda
The comparative study of analytical methods is a new and innovative research, this research was conducted in the laboratory Movilab SA, of Ambato and in the laboratory of the Regional Hospital of Ambato, whose objective was the determination of cardiac troponin using two methods different as: the method electrochemiluminescence used by the cobas 411 equipment and that determines troponin Cardiac TnT and immunofluorescence method used by the I-Chroma team determines Troponin Cardiac TnI and identify which method is more sensitive and specific to help diagnose IAM. The research was analytic observational with case control study because its goal was to test the hypothesis and to discover which of the two methods is the most sensitive to aid diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. For sampling, we verified that the participants meet the criteria for inclusion, as the type of sampling is probabilistic and the choice of patients was on a scientific basis. The data obtained by the determination of the two methods gave quantitative results, the study population included 52 patients aged between 40-80 years of service Regional Emergency Hospital of Ambato, with medical application of cardiac troponin determination. It was concluded that the sensitivity for electrochemiluminescence method was 41% with a specificity of 100% for patients diagnosed with IAM, while the immunofluorescence method sensitivity was 23.8% with a specificity of 84% for patients diagnosed with IAM.
Importancia del diagnóstico de sepsis en el laboratorio clínico
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-03-05) Zamora Tapia, Ivonne Dayana; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Septic disease is the immune imbalance in response to an infection capable of leading to multiorgan failure, worldwide there are an estimated 6 million deaths due to sepsis. Objective: To propose a comprehensive approach for the timely and accurate diagnosis of sepsis, through the determination and correlation between blood culture and procalcitonin. Methods: The present literature review considered a total of 35 articles selected through the PRISMA methodology. Results: Blood culture continues to be the gold standard for septic disease in identifying the microorganism, but its low specificity has led to the implementation of automated methods such as the BioFire® Blood Culture Identification Panel 2 (BCID2). Biomarkers include procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), ferritin and D-dimer (DD). Conclusions: The new automated methods have a shorter response time and both high levels of sensitivity and specificity. Similarly, it is important to measure PCT, CRP, IL-6 to guide the diagnosis, and to complement it with LDH associated with hypoperfusion, ferritin, severe sepsis and D-dimer with a picture of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Marcadores bioquímicos de mal pronóstico en pacientes con sepsis
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-22) Choez Choez, JonnyJesús; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to an infection in an exacerbated manner, presenting in severe infections such as lactic acidosis, septicemia, septic shock, bacteremia, liver infections, candidiasis, urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis and gastrointestinal infection, which are caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses, being this the reason to determine the different types of biomarkers that allow to diagnose a bad prognosis due to sepsis, among these we have ferritin, Procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL-6), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and D dimer (DD). A retrospective descriptive observation study was carried out, prioritizing the search for information from different databases such as Scielo, Elsevier, PubMed, which explain biochemical markers that are activated in the face of systemic infectious processes. The choice of various biomarkers for the study of sepsis is based on their sensitivity, specificity and function as in the case of ferritin which is active in both severe and mild inflammatory processes, unlike IL-6 which is activated when a cytosine storm develops, PCT allows differentiating between a septic process from other local or viral infections, DD was implemented because patients with sepsis suffer coagulatory processes although this marker is more used in DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation). The LDH allows to evaluate the severity of the disease, its response to treatment and prognosis since it causes tissue necrosis in patients. The NEWS scale is implemented in the ICU because it is a parameter that assesses the state of health, allowing the physician to act more quickly. All these parameters remain the most effective means of treating patients with sepsis due to the complexity and accuracy in assessing the patient's current health status.
MÉTODOS MICROBIOLÓGICOS PARA LA DETECCIÓN DE ENTEROBACTERALES PRODUCTORAS DE BLEE Y CARBAPENEMASAS EN PACIENTES INGRESADOS EN EL HOSPITAL DE TENA
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2024-10-10) Chávez Trávez, Erika Carolina; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Over the years bacteria have been evolving and acquiring different qualities and abilities to avoid the action of antibiotics on them, which has become a public health problem involving the general population. This study focused on two types of bacterial resistance which are the extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and Carbapenemases that primarily affect hospitalization services. The objective is to correlate phenotypic and automated microbiological diagnostic methods for the detection of ESBL- and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Methodology. A prospective, cross-sectional, observational and non-experimental design study was carried out at the General Hospital José María Velasco Ibarra in the hospitalization areas of Internal Medicine and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), services that are characterized by showing more pathologies related to bacterial infections within the health facility. Results. Of the 107 samples analyzed, there was a presence of Enterobacteriaceae, it was evidenced that 19 samples showed resistance to Betalactams in the automated VITEK 2 compact system, while in the manual phenotypic method, 21 specimens with the same multi-resistance were obtained, after performing the quality controls and comparison with pre-established protocols in addition to the realization of a statistical study of Pearson coefficient, it was demonstrated that the methods have great similarity in their results. Additionally, during this study two samples were collected that presented resistance to Carbapenemics, in this identification the methods that were compared had 100% concordance, which suggests that the technique we choose will help us to recognize Carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria, taking into account that the techniques go hand in hand for the issuance of a result. Once all the transcendence data were recognized, a diagnostic algorithm was designed that can help us for the correct processing of enterobacteria with these types of resistance in the microbiology laboratory, in order to help the doctor in the diagnosis and timely treatment of this type of infections in hospitalized patients. ESBL- and Carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria were identified in the different samples received from the hospitalization areas of Internal Medicine and ICU, and it was determined that the automated method will be the Gold standard for finding bacterial resistances, however the manual method is also highly reliable. Finally, an algorithm was developed to help in the adequate characterization of multidrugresistant organisms.
Prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en niños y niñas del Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-09-20) Chuqui Taco, Liseth Alexandra; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Intestinal parasitosis is prevalent in underdeveloped countries such as Ecuador and affects mostly children due to their immunological immaturity and poor hygiene habits. The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in the child population of Ecuador through a literature review. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive observational study was carried out using databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Dialnet and Google Scholar. Ten articles published between 2018-2023 were included, following the PRISMA statement guidelines. Results: prevalence was 45.31% of 2,642 children. The most frequent parasites correspond to protozoa such as Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis spp, Giardia lamblia and helminths such as Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis. The most commonly used diagnostic methods were direct and serial coproparasitic, Kato-Katz technique, Ritchie technique and Willis Molloy flotation method. The risk factors were inadequate hand and food washing, consumption of poor quality water and work involving direct contact with contaminated soil. Prevention and health promotion measures are: consumption of drinking or boiled water, adequate hand and food washing and deworming every 6 months. Conclusion: in the last six years in the Coast, Andean and Amazon regions of Ecuador there is the presence of intestinal parasite infections associated with the socioeconomic and environmental level.
Vigilancia epidemiológica de VIH en Ecuador, una revisión bibliográfica
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-03-05) Tobar Andy, Jennyfer Paulina; Poveda Paredes, Francisco Xavier
Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is characterized by attacking TCD4 cells and macrophages; with the progression of the pathology, secondary infections can develop. Objetive: to describe the theoretical foundations of the HIV epidemiological surveillance system in Ecuador. Methodology: research based on bibliographic review in different databases, Epidemiological Gazettes, SIVE-ALERTA Manuals and websites of Scientific Knowledge Organizations, the PICOT question was also implemented and 25 articles based on the PRISMA method were used. Results: The surveillance procedure is based on universal surveillance with different diagnostic methods, notified through EPI INFO-SIGEPI databases registered with the Ministry of Public Health. The total number of infections in Ecuador in 2022 is 48,924, with a higher incidence in the province of Napo with 0.67 and new cases in the province of Guayas with 32.5%. Conclusion: Information from different databases on the incidence, prevalence, morbidity, mortality and opportunistic infections of the HIV virus was synthesized.