Browsing by Author "Pila Iza Katherin Abigail"

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    Funciones básicas y lecto-escritura
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Psicopedagogía, 2025-06-30) Pila Iza Katherin Abigail; Cadena Peralta Gladys Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Psicopedagogía
    This research, titled “Basic Functions and Literacy”, was conducted at the “El Sembrador” Educational Unit to analyze how basic cognitive functions influence the acquisition of reading and writing skills in students from the first to third grade of Basic General Education. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study used a cross-sectional, descriptivecorrelational design and combined bibliographic, documentary, and field modalities. A nonprobabilistic sample of 45 students was selected, and the Basic Functions Test from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Education was applied. This instrument assessed cognitive-perceptual skills such as attention, memory, visual and auditory perception, and motor coordination. Results showed that students with higher development of basic functions performed better in literacy tasks such as reading fluency, graphic tracing, text comprehension, and spelling. The most frequent difficulties were found in first-grade students, particularly in laterality, spatial orientation, and sequential auditory memory. Kendall’s Tau-b correlation confirmed a statistically significant relationship between basic functions and literacy outcomes, validating the study’s alternative hypothesis. It is concluded that strengthening basic functions from early childhood education is crucial to preventing learning difficulties. The study recommends implementing psychopedagogical stimulation programs and conducting periodic functional assessments to guide personalized pedagogical interventions.