Browsing by Author "Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián"

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Evaluación de bioestimulantes foliares para incrementar el rendimiento en el cultivo de granadilla (Pasiflora ligularis) en el caserío El Obraje cantón Pelileo
(2023-03) Carpio Rugel, Angy Lisbeth; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
Passiflora species are widely distributed in the Americas where they are very important, among which the sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) stands out for its pleasant flavor and nutritional value, which allows to be commercialized in national and international markets. In order to increase crop yields, biostimulants have emerged as a sustainable alternative in recent decades. In the present study, the effect of the application of two foliar biostimulants on the increase in the yield of Passiflora ligularis (granadilla) was evaluated in El Obraje neighborhood, from canton Pelileo. Two types of biostimulants (Crop + Plus and Kelan Complex) were applied at a dose of 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 ml/L in sweet granadilla plants at the beginning of flowering stage. The plants treated with Crop + Plus showed the maximum values in the petiole thickness, equatorial diameter and longitudinal diameter of the sweet granadilla fruits on the different sampling dates. Likewise, the increase in the application dose of Crop + Plus caused an increase in petiole thickness, equatorial diameter and longitudinal diameter reaching values of 5.21; 14.9 and 7.57 mm, respectively, which were higher than the control treatment (4.94; 11.69 and 5.9 mm). An effect of both the type of product and the dose used on the total ratio of sucrose dissolved in the passion fruit juice and on the weight of the fruits was also demonstrated, which varied from 17.6 to 20.9 °Brix while the fruit weight ranged from 74.3 to 120.0 g with doses 1.0 and 2.2 ml/L of Crop + Plus. According to the results, the use of Crop + Plus proves to be a viable option to increase the yield and quality of the sweet granadilla fruit.
Evaluación de dosis y época de aplicación de extracto de azolla (Anabaena azollae) en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea Var. italica)
(2023-09) Viteri Jiménez, Gandhy Esteban; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
This research study was conducted in the Anchilivi neighborhood, located in the Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province. The objective was to evaluate the dose and timing of application of Azolla extract (A. azollae) in broccoli cultivation (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in order to analyze its effect on different treatments. The study factors evaluated were the extract dose: 5 cm³/L, 10 cm³/L, and 15 cm³/L, and the timing of application; at 15 days (A1), at 15 and 30 days (A2), and at 15, 30, and 45 days (A3) after transplanting. The most effective treatment with the most favorable results was D3A3 in various response variables, which showed head weight (452.67 g), plant height (37.20 cm), root volume (32.73 cm3), head diameter (12.00 cm), and yield (18106.67 kg/ha). Similarly, it was observed that there were no significant variations in the number of leaves in any treatment. These results are attributed to the benefits and different metabolic compounds present in the extracts, which act favorably in the production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cultivation, as reflected in this research.
Evaluación de las líneas diferenciales de Avena Sativa L. frente a Puccinia Graminis f. sp. Y Puccinia Coronata f. sp. en el sector de Querochaca
(2023-03) Villalba Medina, Jonathan Fabricio; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
In Ecuador, the production of Avena Sativa L. is extremely important for the food and fodder industry in the livestock sector, however, the profitability of the crop is affected by diseases known as rust. In the present investigation, the resistance of the differentiated lines of oats against the diseases produced by Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae E.&H. and Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae P.Syd.&Syd. Fifty-two differential lines were analyzed, which were evaluated from day 104 to day 174 of the crop in the heading stage, in four moments whose dates were November 1, November 24, December 1, 2022, and finally January 8 of this year. As a conclusion of this research project, it was determined that the differential lines with the genes: Pc94, MN841801, CDC Orrin, CDC, Sol-fi, HiFi, OT3039, Souris, Stainless, Summit, were the most resistant against the two diseases. with low levels of severity and high performance. For its part, the Oat 24 line with the Harmon gene reached an estimated productivity of 12,733 tons/ha, being the line with the highest grain yield.
Producción de biogás utilizando biomasa residual pecuaria con fibra vegetal y enriquecida con lactosuero, como alternativa para mitigar los gases de efecto invernadero
(2020-10) Moreno Castillo, Walter Eduardo; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
The objective of this research was to produce biogas using residual livestock biomass with vegetable fiber and enriched with whey. Where it was evaluated: the effect of the combination of solid material in percentage value of 75% and 25%, while liquid at 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% concentration on the production of biogas as well as methane in vitro and the contents of volatile fatty acids were determined. The results accumulated at 312 hours reported indicate that T4 (167.83 ml) presents the highest obtaining of biogas in vitro, showing differences (P <0.05) between the evaluated treatments. Regarding the methane produced, T1 produced (1.78 ml) registering (P <0.05) significant differences between treatments, considering in its mixture 100% water, without any addition of serum, while T4, which involved 25% of milk serum in its composition, reported the highest release of methane with a volume of (1.32 ml), stabilizing the production after 192 hours between the treatments that contained serum in its formulation. The most volatile fatty acids detected (P = 0.0001) were acetic acid 69.96 mmol / mol in T4, propionic acid 25.05 mmol / mol, present in T1 (14.95 mmol / mol), T2 (14.28 mmol / mol), T3 (14.33 mmol / mol) and T5 (15.01 mmol / mol) of butyric acid. It can be concluded that the use of bovine excreta with vegetable fiber, enriched with whey at a reduced concentration of 25% of (T4), produces biogas and methane, which constitutes an energy alternative and allows reducing greenhouse gases
Producción de metano a partir de biomasa residual pecuaria enriquecida con desecho de cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa) en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias
(2020-10) Miranda Quitiaquez, Silvia Ximena; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián
The objective of the research is to determine the production in vitro of biogas, methane and AGVs by adding strawberry residues in pig and sheep manure at different concentrations, the experiment was carried out in the Ruminology laboratories of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, a completely randomized block design was applied, and the Tukey comparison test at 5% through the statistical system Infostat version 2019; the studied treatments were made with a standard raw material of pig herd manure , in combination with different proportions of fresh macerated strawberry and sheep flock manure as follows: T1 60% + 40% strawberry macerated; T2 Cerdaza 60% + 30% macerated strawberry + 10% sheep flock manure; T3 Cerdaza 60% + 20% macerated strawberry + 20% sheep flock manure; T4 Cerdaza 60% + 10% macerated strawberry + 30% sheep flock manure and T5 Cerdaza 60% + 40% sheep flock manure . The results observed in relation to the biogas production was higher (P = 0.0001) in the treatment T4 (201.2 mL / kg) and T5 (193.56 mL / kg), as well as the methane production was higher (P = 0.0001) in T4 (6.8 mL / kg) and T5 (7.0 mL / kg), referring about volatile fatty acids, a higher (P = 0.0001) production of acetic acid was observed in treatment T1 in relation to the other treatments. While for propionic acid the highest (P = 0.0001) production was observed in T3 and in butyric acid there weren't observed differences (P = 0.9807) between the evaluated treatments. Concluding that the strawberries was not decisive to increase the formation of biogas such as methane, however it was at the time of the formation of volatile fatty acids, which is verified as the best treatment T1 with the highest percentage of strawberry added to pig manure.
“La utilización de las Técnicas de Aprendizaje cooperativo y aprendizaje basado en problemas frente al rendimiento en Matemática en los estudiantes de Segundo Semestre de la carrera de Ingeniería en Procesos y Diseño de Modas de la Facultad de Diseño, Arquitectura y Artes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato”
(2012) Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo Sebastián; DT-Pacheco Rodríguez, Franklin
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como principal propósito determinar el uso adecuado de Técnicas como el Aprendizaje Cooperativo y el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas frente al Rendimiento de los estudiantes de Segundo Semestre de la carrera de Ingeniería en Procesos y Diseño de Modas de la Facultad de Diseño Arquitectura y Artes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato. El principal objetivo era hacer uso de Técnicas de Aprendizaje que las tenemos pero debido a la enseñanza tradicionalista no las hemos ocupado, es por eso que se escogió dos de las muchas técnicas, estas nos ayudan a trabajar con los estudiantes en forma individual y a la vez en forma grupal haciendo que cada uno de ellos sea partícipe de su aprendizaje y por consecuencia un buen rendimiento académico. Al final se presenta una guía que detalla cada uno de los pasos a seguir para llegar a los objetivos trazados, claramente se indica cómo se debe trabajar tanto en grupo como individualmente, así se logrará obtener un rendimiento adecuado que ayudará al docente y al estudiante.