Browsing by Author "Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal"

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Adaptación de diez genotipos de zanahoria (Daucus carota) para zonas de altura en Quero - Tungurahua
(2022-09) Pallo Martínez, Klever Daniel; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The importance of carrot cultivation (Daucus carota) at the national level is part of the food group with the most benefits for human beings, it is consumed directly or made into drinks, the value of this root lies in its nutritional importance; the adaptability of more carrot genotypes emerges as an alternative for use, new market options, increasing income levels for the producer. The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptability of ten carrot genotypes (Daucus carota) together with two controls, for high altitude areas in Quero-Tungurahua, estimating their adaptation and agronomic behavior, as well as determining the yield per treatment studied. The trial was carried out in the Jaloa El Rosario community of the Quero canton, province of Tungurahua. According to the Global Positioning System (GPS) it is located at an altitude of 3,320 meters above sea level with its geographic coordinates of 1°25'41" South latitude and 78°34'44" West latitude. A DBCA randomized block design was used, with ten treatments, two controls and three replications. The data obtained from the trial were analyzed using the Infostat statistical package, applying an ADEVA, a 5% Tukey test was used for significant values, the results obtained show that T4 (Chantenay EMC559), presented the best characteristics, agronomic and of yield, being an alternative for the locality, the opposite happened with the T10 that was not adapted to the conditions of the study locality, concluding that the Genotype T4 (Chantenay EMC559) is an alternative for the small and large producers of the highlands.of Quero.
Aislamiento y caracterización del agente causal de pudriciones en el cultivo de Allium sativum L.
(2023-09) Tituaña Cajahuishca, Mónica Tatiana; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the crops with the smallest planting area in Ecuador due to its phytosanitary problems and the lack of quality seed bulbs. One of the factors that affects the production of this crop is the presence of diseases, among the most common is bulb rot. For this reason, the present investigation was proposed with the objective of identifying the causal agents that occur in the rotting of the garlic crop in the Pilahuín parish belonging to the Tungurahua province. Three isolates were obtained from infected bulb tissue, which were selected for cultural and morphological characterization. The results indicated that the causative agents of the most common rots were Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae, Penicillium allii and Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. It is hoped that the results of these studies serve as a basis for the establishment of an integrated disease management program that leads to an increase in the garlic (Allium sativum L.) planting area in order to reach a supply in Ecuador.
Análisis de costos de producción en tres variedades del cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) En la asociación Agropapa de la provincia de Tungurahua
(2023-09) Lagua Chimborazo, María Fernanda; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
In this research, the elements that make up the costs in the production of potato crop in three varieties: superchola, fripapa and unique, in the Association of Agricultural Producers of the potato crop CONPAPA Tungurahua "AGROPAPA" were analyzed. To estimate the production costs per hectare of crop and per sack of potato, a field investigation was carried out through the collection of direct information by means of interviews with the producers of the association and bibliographic research was used to establish the cost structure. The results obtained from the interviews were analyzed and interpreted, and finally the production costs were constructed for the different stages of potato cultivation. The results show that the Fripapa variety obtained an average production cost of $ 2470.29 per hectare and the cost per bag $ 12.25; in the Única variety $ 2327.9 per hectare and the cost per bag $ 11.92. For the Superchola variety, the cost of production per hectare is $ 2703.6 and the cost per sack is $ 14.16. The results obtained vary because each potato producer has different means of production, applies different production technology and is located in different ecological zones. The cost-benefit ratio (CBR) for the Fripapa variety is 1.18, 1.26 for the Única variety and 1.58 for the Superchola variety. The CBR depends on the market reference price, since this is not fixed but depends on the behavior of the markets based on supply and demand.
Equilibrio catiónico en la productividad del cultivo de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) variedad amarillo gigante
(2023-12) Morocho Quishpi, María Manuela; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The cultivation of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) in Ecuador energizes the local economy of small and medium producers in the provinces of Carchi, Imbabura, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua and Chimborazo, however, poor nutritional management results in a considerable reduction of productivity and quality of the fruit. In the El Altar parish, Penipe, the productive response of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav) giant yellow variety to the application of three cationic balances T1 (55% Ca, 20% K, 25 Mg), T2 (60%) was determined. Ca, 30%K, 10%Mg), T3 (80% Ca, 15%K, 5%Mg). Different variables were evaluated, such as fruit weight and diameter, number of fruit plant-1, plant yield-1, yield ha-1. and % dry matter. The results demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between the cationic balance doses on the yield of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav). In particular, the T2 treatment of cationic balance (60% Ca, 30% K, 10% Mg) is the one that presented the best response for the agronomic variables under study with a productivity of 44 Tn. ha-1. All treatments evaluated, including the absolute control, were profitable because the benefit-cost ratio was greater than unity. However, the highest level of profitability was achieved with the use of the cationic balance (60% Ca, 30% K, 10% Mg) with a value of 2,9 In short, the study shows that the optimal balance of cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) in the soil can significantly improve the productivity and profitability of tree tomato cultivation.
Evaluación de diferentes extractos de algas en pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) en etapa vegetativa
(2024-02) Guevara Guato, Christian Welington; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The present work is based on the application of 3 extracts of fresh water algae such as Azollae, Spirogira and Diatomea, with the application of these 3 extracts it is sought to improve the production of Capsicum annumm L bell pepper, the algae extracts contain a great amount of nitrogen and amino acids, The variables that participated in this research were number of flowers, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and root volume. A good yield of leaf mass helps to improve crop yield, the Azollae extract achieved a greater stem diameter according to the study conducted and data collection, the Azollae extract achieved a higher efficiency with a difference of almost 1% more than the other extracts, in relation to the number of flowers the Azollae extract was the one that presented the best performance, the Azollae extract was the most efficient as it obtained better results in 3 of the 5 variables. In relation to plant height, diatomea was the most efficient, and in relation to root volume, the best extract was that of spirogyra, which showed a higher yield than azollae and diatomea extracts. Key words: seaweed extract, azollae, diatomea, spirogyra, Capsicum annumm
Evaluación de fórmulas de sustratos alternativos en la germinación de semillas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var.italica)
(2024-08) Altamirano Núñez, Christian Rodrigo; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
Seed health is a vital factor for successful agricultural production to prevent the spread of different pathogens. Likewise, soil suppression is very important to help seed germination, and it is necessary to have a large number of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, the use of a good substrate is one of the key points to ensure healthy and vigorous seedlings. In this sense, in the present research, different substrate formulas for broccoli seed germination were evaluated, where different percentages of Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids were evaluated on plant height, germination percentage, leaves per plant, root volume and percentage of useful plants. The following proportions were used: S1 (Azolla 70% + zeolite 30%), S2 (Azolla 69.5% + zeolite 29.5 % + humic acids 1.0%), S3 (Azolla 69% + zeolite 29 % + humic acids 2%), S4 (Azolla 68.5% + zeolite 28.5 % + humic acids 3.0%) and it was compared with a commercial substrate, S5 based on Sphagnum peat. The effect of the different substrates was observed where significant differences were observed between them. The greatest plant height was obtained with the substrate composed of 68.5% Azolla, 28.5% zeolite and 3.0% humic acids, with which the plants reached 2.52 cm and 3.2 cm at 15 and 30 days, respectively. Likewise, the number of leaves per plant (3.13 leaves), root volume (0.45 ml), germination percentage (95.70%) and useful plants (92.67%) were observed with the same substrate, whose values were significantly equal to those obtained with the commercial substrate. Although the costs for obtaining the different substrates did not show significant differences, the use of substrates based on Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids is suggested, since these are products that are easily available in the area.
Evaluación de la adaptabilidad de diferentes híbridos de zanahoria (Daucus carota) en el cantón Quero.
(2024-08) Criollo Sánchez, Anderson Ismael; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The carrot crop (Daucus carota) has a high impact on the world's diet. It is a crop grown nationally due to its high content of beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A that improves visibility and helps protect the skin from radiation solar. The adaptability of different carrot hybrids can be given as an alternative in all national trade and the increase in income that the carrot producer can obtain. The objective of this research was to evaluate the adaptability of different carrot hybrids (Daucus carota) with two controls for the Quero Canton. Adaptation and agronomic characteristics were evaluated, as well as performance for each of the treatments. The test was carried out in the community of Puñachizag belonging to the Quero canton, province of Tungurahua, located at an altitude of 3,189 meters above sea level with its geographical coordinates of 1%15'30" South latitude and 78%30'40" West latitude. A DBCA randomized complete block design is applied, with 4 treatments plus 2 controls with three repetitions. The data obtained from the research were analyzed with the statistical program such as Infostat, an ADEVA was applied and the Tukey test at 5% was applied to the significant responses. The results obtained from the research show that the T4 treatment (Cascade hybrid) was best adapted to the area since both the agronomic characteristics and the yield were 20.60 T/Ha and it was the most appropriate compared to the other treatments evaluated. Based on the research carried out, it is suggested to use the cascade hybrid due to its greater adaptability.
Evaluación de la tecnología de captura de agua de neblina como alternativa a la escases de agua para consumo humano en la comunidad de Shaushi del cantón Quero provincia de Tungurahua
(2014-06-28) Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny Patricio
En la comunidad de Shaushi del cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua, se evaluó la tecnología de captura de agua de neblina. Se estudio el factor A (Altitud de ubicación de colectores de evaluación) y el factor B (Porcentaje de sarán), se utilizaron 12 Colectores de evaluación de 1 metro cuadrado cada uno, los mismos fueron distribuidos mediante el diseño de Parcelas Divididas, con 3 repeticiones por tratamiento. Evalué la cantidad de agua capturada cada 48 horas por un periodo de treinta días. Las mejores respuestas numéricas en la cantidad de agua capturada de la neblina se observaron en la Altitud No. 2 (situada a 3770 msnm), con una velocidad del viento promedia de 5 a 10 m/sg; En el factor B no se registraron diferencias estadísticas. Mientras que para la interacción de la Altitud por el Porcentaje de sarán se determinó diferencias estadisticas (P >0,05), para el tratamiento 3 (A2 P1) Altitud Nº 2 y porcentaje de zarán Nº1. Descriptores:
Evaluación de niveles de fertilización y métodos de aplicación en el cultivo de mora colombiana (Rubus glaucus B.) variedad con espinas
(2023-03) Eugenio Toapanta, Christian Javier; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) is a crop that currently has economic importance in the Ecuadorian Andes region, with Tungurahua being the province with the largest plantation area. Its production is limited by biotic and abiotic factors, nutrition being an important aspect to study. Currently, producers carry out empirical fertilization that causes low crop yields, low quality fruits, high production costs, decreased soil quality and susceptibility to pests and diseases. The present investigation was carried out in a culture of blackberry (R. glaucus Benth) Colombian variety with thorns established for five years. The objective was to evaluate fertilization levels and edaphic application methods in the crop in order to increase its production. The study factors were two application methods: broadcast (MA1) and hit (MA2) with three levels of fertilization: N2 (N 28 - P2O5 30 - K₂O 45 - MgO 27.7 - CaO 43.7 kg/ha), N1 corresponding to -25% and N3 + 25% of the amount of fertilizer calculated. Urea, triple superphosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium nitrate were used as nutrient sources. Fertilizers were applied on day 0 50%, day 30 25% and day 60 25% respectively. The experimental design used was completely randomized (DCA), an analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's test at 5% were performed. Significant differences were determined for the treatment (MA2N2) in the variable weight of ten fruits. Regarding the fertilization levels with the Tukey test at 1 %, it was determined that statistically (N3 and N2) are the same, so it is not justified to apply a greater amount of fertilizer than the plant requires based on technical parameters of nutrient availability. in the soil and nutritional requirement of the crop. There were no significant differences in the variables number of inflorescences, fruit set and brix degrees.
Evaluación de productos alternativos para el manejo de la viruela de la hoja (Pseudopeziza medicaginis) en el cultivo de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
(2023-03) Palomo Chávez, Franklin Sebastián; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
The objective of this research was to evaluate alternative products for the management of leaf pox (Pseidopeziza medicaginis) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). This disease produces yellowing, accompanied by small chlorotic rings on the leaflet and defoliation of the plant. The products evaluated were: Oxhitane (P1) at doses of (2; 2,5; 3 g/L) and Algimar 6000 (seaweed extract) (P2) at doses of (2,5; 3,5; 4 g/L) with an application frequency of 20, 40 and 60 days after the beginning of the study in an established crop of 270 days of age. The experimental design used was in divided plots, with 2 products and 3 doses plus a control for each product. An analysis of variance (ADEVA) was carried out to determine the differences between treatments and the Tukey test at 5% was used to check the means of the treatments. Based on these analyses, it was determined that the treatment with the lowest incidence of P. medicaginis was P1D2 (Oxhitane, dose 2,5g/L) with a value of 15, 40%. In severity, the lowest value was for treatment P1D3 (Oxhitane, dose 3g/L) with an average of 6,91%. In stem height, weight and yield, there were no significant differences; in the percentage of dry matter, the best treatment was P1D2 with a value of 38,43%. In the variable quantity of chlorophyll the best treatment was P2D1 (Algimar 6000, dose 2,5g/L) with a value of 5,50 µg/g. In addition, in the analysis of treatment costs, the treatment with the highest investment was P2D3 (Algimar 6000, dose 4g/L) with a value of 0,45 USD and in benefit/cost the treatment with the highest value was the Control with 1,36 being the one with the highest benefit and the lowest cost. The treatment with the lowest benefit/cost was P1D1 (Oxhitane, dose 2 g/L)
Evaluación de sustratos con la adición de ácidos húmicos para la producción de plántulas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) var. pietro
(2022-09) Yucailla Masabanda, Luis Alberto; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
With the continuous use of commonly used substrates, the low germination rate of seeds and low-quality seedlings has become present, therefore, these seedlings will not be available for sale, affecting the producers of this sector. In this experiment, six treatments and two controls were evaluated, the treatments consisted of organic substrates (peat and coconut fiber) plus the incorporation of humic acid in three different doses (2%, 4% and 6%), proportions that adjust to 100% of the total volume of the substrate, the two controls were composed entirely of peat and coconut fiber, respectively. An experimental design of completely randomized blocks (DBCA) was used, with 6 treatments and 4 replicates plus 2 controls. An analysis of variance (ANAVAR) and Tukey's significance test at 5% were applied for the comparison between treatments, and comparison between peat substrate and coconut fiber substrate. The treatment prepared with 98% peat + 2% humic acid showed the best results in the variables analyzed. For plant height at 35 days reached 7.57 cm, the stem diameter was greater among all treatments, as in the one reported at 35 days (2.13 mm). Likewise, the root volume of the seedlings of this treatment obtained a more significant result (2.24 cc), also standing out in the development of leaf area (12.21 cm2). Similarly, the cost of production per treatment and per seedling was 0.12 US cents, a value shared by all treatments. This cost was directly influenced by the number of seedlings obtained, which in turn is related to the germination percentage of each treatment.