Análisis bioinformático de bacterias con capacidad degradadora de hidrocarburos

Abstract

The bioinformatic analyzes carried out focused on hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and the mechanisms they use for the degradation of these compounds. It seeks to understand the evolution of these over time, considering the evolutionary and structural relationship of certain enzymes (monooxygenase and dioxygenases), among these: benzene 1,2-monooxygenase, phenol 2-monooxygenase, toluene 2-monooxygenase, toluene methyl monooxygenase, toluene dioxygenase and toluene 2-monooxygenase. The meta-analysis process consisted of determining the bacteria capable of degrading hydrocarbons, as well as the definition of the metabolic routes used for the transformation of toluene and benzene and the corresponding enzymes (Total: 7). The phylogeny process of the enzymes was carried out based on hydrocarbons (toluene and benzene), a BLAST of each of the enzymes was carried out and individual and group phylogenetic trees were constructed. Based on this information, the evolution of enzymes was understood, and common ancestors were defined, obtaining that there are still conserved sequences among all enzymes. The last analysis performed was the structural analysis of 5 enzymes, where they were compared with each other, thus defining the structural similarity. Based on this, it was obtained that there are partial similarities between the enzymes, which participate in the different metabolic pathways, as stated above. The study of this work is important because each of the results obtained may contribute to the development of synthetic enzymes at an industrial level, for greater efficiency in the bioremediation of soils and waters contaminated by oil spills.