Ética del cuidado como estrategia en la intervención del Trabajo Social

Abstract

Social workers face vulnerable situations because they care for individuals who require professional support as they are going through social problems, that is why they develop skills such as empathy and compassion so that through empowerment and autonomy a change is achieved, but this on a personal and social level must be maintained so that it continues to function and produce results since due to the multiple situations they tend to cause exhaustion and emotional wear and tear, this known as burnout syndrome and wear and tear due to empathy, this occurs due to the lack of limits with the user because it can become personalized to the case, the lack of responsibility for care, overload of work in the professional by the institution, scarcity of disconnection or recreational activities, since the well-being of the user must be sought so that this can transcend to a timely intervention that transcends or endures. To this end, the ethics of care aims to first develop awareness in self-care, promote the wellbeing and dignity of individuals, generate knowledge on the importance of links and interdependence, as it can influence the construction and performance of a social actor in life; expressing these principles, it can be seen that the discipline can contribute as an intervention strategy as it has similar approaches that reinforce the work and inject, thus strengthening the intervention. For the development of the research, two instruments were developed, one for each variable for ethics of care, the dimensions that Joan Tronto mentions were taken as a basis (attend, assume responsibility, care and respond) from which 25 items were developed with the objective of determining the level of ethics of care; to measure the level of effectiveness, a self-assessment was carried out based on the book by Aguilar and Ander-Egg where questions are developed on the effectiveness of the intervention but in the instrument they were converted into statements, to answer the instruments a Likert scale was established. It was applied to social workers from the public, private and mixed sectors. The results collected showed that there is a significant contribution of the ethics of care as an intervention strategy, since if the level of ethics increased, the intervention also increased, since they are related and can complement or provide knowledge that enriches the work in the professional practice.