REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA SOBRE LA ENFERMEDAD PULMONAR OBSTRUCTIVA CRÓNICA EN EL DESARROLLO Y PRONÓSTICO DE COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most common cause of death worldwide, it does not appear as a frequent comorbidity associated with a COVID -19 infection, it appears below metabolic and/or cardiovascular comorbidities, data The few available data relate it to a severe case of COVID-19. This review focuses on determining the mechanism by which patients with COPD develop severe COVID-19 in addition to the role that inhaled corticosteroids have in the development of COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods: A bibliographic review was carried out based on original articles and reviews of the following databases PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Scielo. The selected articles were published in the period between 2019-2023. Results: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with the development of severe COVID-19 infection due to the high expression of ACE-2 receptors in the airway, previous exacerbations result in a worse prognosis in concomitant infection. The use of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is essential since it generates a protector by inhibiting viral replication, reducing symptoms and hospitalization time. On the other hand, inhaled corticosteroids can generate an immunosuppressive effect, worsening the prognosis of the disease. COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, despite not being a comorbidity frequently associated with COVID-19, is related to a worse prognosis due to an increase in viral load and immunosuppression.