Violencia de género en la mujer adulta mayor

Abstract

The present study had the general objective of determining gender violence in older adult women, understood as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that affects their physical, emotional and social well-being, through a qualitative methodology, using in-depth interviews coded with the ATLAS.ti software, allowing access to deep meanings of knowledge and valuing the voice of the participants. Thematic and axial analysis allowed for the identification of the various types of violence experienced and their consequences. Forms of physical, psychological, sexual, economic, property-related, and symbolic violence were identified, primarily in family settings. This demonstrates structural and persistent violence throughout the lifespan. The reported consequences were emotional, physical, and psychological: constant worry, sadness, sleep disorders, feelings of loneliness, and loss of self-esteem, all exacerbated by age and the lack of specialized care. Among the most significant risk factors were poverty, illiteracy, economic dependency, and residence in rural areas, elements that make violence invisible and normalize, anchored in social structures such as sexism, ageism, and exclusion. The conclusion is that gender-based violence in old age must be addressed from an intersectional perspective, incorporating feminist, gerontological, and human rights theoretical frameworks to offer comprehensive and effective responses. This critical approach denaturalizes violence and proposes pathways for its prevention and specialized care with justice and equity.