Evaluación de 2 fungicidas a base de violeta de genciana para el control de oídio en cultivo de mora (Rubus glaucus)

Abstract

Blackberry harvesting (Rubus glaucus) is considered to be one of the most extensively produced crops in the Ecuadorian Highlands, grown by both large- and small-scale farmers. Tungurahua Province is one of the leading production areas, making a significant contribution to the economic income of local growers and helping improve their overall quality of life. Due to the wide range of soil and climate conditions in which the crop is grown, it is vulnerable to various pests and diseases that thrive in high humidity environments, where they can easily establish and reproduce. This has become a major challenge for producers, as it directly impacts crop yields. One of the most serious issues affecting blackberry harvesting is the disease caused by (Oidium sp.) For this reason, this research focused on evaluating two fungicides based on gentian violet for the control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) in blackberry crops. The study was conducted in Mocha Canton, bordering Tisaleo Canton, in El Triunfo neighborhood, under the title: “Evaluation of two Gentian Violet-Based Fungicides for the control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) in blackberry (Rubus glaucus) harvesting.” The main objectives were to determine the most effective dosage and identify the best product for controlling Oidium sp. Two products were tested: P1 (gentian violet) and P2 (quaternary ammonium based on gentian violet), at concentrations of (1.25 cc/L, 2.00 cc/L, and 5.00 cc/L). A completely randomized design (DBCA) was applied, with a 2×3+1 factorial arrangement and three replicates. The variables evaluated included disease incidence, severity, and fruit weight per plant. An analysis of variance (ADEVA) was performed, and the data were statistically analyzed using Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the best treatment for managing powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) was (P1D3), (gentian violet at a dose of 5 cc/L). This treatment had the lowest incidence and severity, allowing for quality fruit.