Ejercicios orofaciales en el desarrollo del lenguaje verbal en niños de 2 a 3 años

Abstract

The general objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of orofacial exercises in the development of verbal language in children aged 2 to 3 years. For this purpose, an initial diagnosis was made to evaluate the level of verbal language development through articulation and repetition of words, identifying pronunciation patterns and areas for improvement. This diagnosis was key to establish a baseline and adapt strategies to the specific needs of children at this crucial stage. The TAR test was used for language assessment. As a result of the diagnosis, an orofacial exercise program was designed to stimulate basic oral functions such as sucking, chewing and swallowing, in addition to promoting coordination and muscle strength in the orofacial area. The program included play activities and stimulation that facilitated the active participation of the children, achieving a comprehensive approach that not only addressed physical, but also linguistic and cognitive aspects. After the implementation of the program, the level of verbal language development was evaluated again, observing significant improvements in the articulation and repetition of words. The results showed that the orofacial exercises effectively contribute to the development of verbal language, reinforcing motor and cognitive skills that are fundamental in this stage of growth. This comparative analysis confirmed the positive impact of the designed program. Finally, a manual for the implementation of orofacial exercises was developed for children aged 2 to 3 years. This material offers a practical guide with adapted activities, ensuring its replicability in educational contexts. The aim is to facilitate the work of professionals and caregivers, promoting comprehensive language development and strengthening verbal communication from the earliest stages of life.