IMPACTO DE LA CIRUGÍA DE RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE PISO PÉLVICO EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DE MUJERES CON PROLAPSO DE ÓRGANOS PÉLVICOS

Abstract

Introduction: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) refers to the descent of pelvic structures due to weakened pelvic floor support. This condition affects various organs and has a multidimensional impact on patients' lives. Objective: To evaluate the impact of. pelvic floor reconstruction surgery on the quality of life in women with POP, focusing on urinary, bowel, and sexual function, as well as psychological well-being. Methodology: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Studies published in the last 5 years, primarily systematic reviews and meta-analyses, were included, resulting in the selection of forty-seven articles for the final review. Results: The techniques with the most positive impact on quality of life include Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy with 86.7% and Colpocleisis with 89%, while Transvaginal Synthetic Mesh Repair shows the least impact with 71%. Notably, even techniques with lower percentages of improvement still demonstrate significant positive effects. The efficacy of these interventions varies between 81% and 91.9%, with effectiveness ranging from 72% to 90.2%, suggesting a high success rate in treating POP. Conclusion: Surgical techniques for POP significantly improve quality of life, with success rates between 71% and 89%. Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy and Colpocleisis stand out for their effectiveness, while the use of transvaginal mesh shows lower results and more complications. These interventions optimize urinary, bowel and sexual functions, as well as the psychological well-being of patients.