Diseño del anteproyecto arquitectónico de un edificio residencial multifamiliar en la parroquia de Ficoa-Ambato, documentado bajo la metodología BIM

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the architectural design of a multifamily residential building located in Ficoa parish, Ambato city, as a response to current urban densification processes and the need to improve habitability conditions in collective housing. The proposal arises from a context characterized by accelerated residential growth, limited spatial planning, and insufficient incorporation of environmental comfort criteria in existing developments. The research follows a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope, structured in three methodological phases: bibliographic and documentary review, contextual analysis through on-site observation and environmental studies, and data collection through semi-structured interviews with professionals in the field. The findings highlight the importance of integrating design strategies focused on spatial efficiency, regulatory compliance, cross ventilation, natural lighting, and urban context integration. The architectural proposal is based on the definition of a design concept that articulates functionality, contextual integration, sustainability, and constructive feasibility. The project proposes a mid-rise volumetric configuration with an efficient organization of housing units, incorporating balconies and solar control elements to enhance living quality. Additionally, Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology is implemented to develop a coordinated digital model, improving interdisciplinary integration, technical documentation accuracy, and compliance with municipal requirements. Overall, the proposal represents a comprehensive response to contemporary multifamily housing demands, providing applicable design criteria for similar urban contexts.