TERAPIAS NO FARMACOLÓGICAS PARA TRATAR EL ESTREÑIMIENTO EN EL ADULTO MAYOR

Abstract

Introduction: Constipation is a prevalent disorder that significantly affects quality of life and gastrointestinal health, particularly in older adults. Recent studies have explored non-pharmacological treatments, such as dietary interventions, massage, reflexology, aromatherapy, and innovative approaches, demonstrating their effectiveness and safety. Objective: This review synthesizes the findings of recent studies on non-pharmacological therapies, aiming to highlight effective options for managing constipation, particularly in the older adult population. Methodology: Meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, and systematic reviews published within the last five years were analyzed. Results: Studies emphasize that a fiber-rich diet and moderate physical activity are effective in mild and moderate cases, improving the frequency and consistency of bowel movements. Techniques such as abdominal massage and aromatherapy showed significant improvements in quality of life and constipation severity, being more effective when combined. Innovative interventions, such as the vibrating capsule, demonstrated efficacy in severe cases, increasing complete spontaneous bowel movements. Conclusions: Non-pharmacological therapies, including diet, exercise, and manual techniques, represent safe, accessible, and effective strategies for managing constipation. Personalizing interventions according to the patient's needs and clinical condition is essential to maximize benefits.