Producción y viabilidad de semillas sintéticas ¿n vitro de Cannabis sativa (100% critica al CBD) en conservación criogénica y refrigeración

Abstract

Cannabis sativa is a species of great agricultural importance due to the production of cannabinoids, terpenes, and other compounds of medicinal and industrial interest. Because of its high genetic variability, in vitro cultivation techniques have been developed to obtain uniform plant material and preserve selected genotypes. This research evaluated the preservation of meristematic buds using two methods: refrigeration of synthetic seeds and cryopreservation. MS and DKW culture media were used for storage periods of 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. The study was conducted in the in vitro propagation laboratory of Andean Food. The synthetic seeds were prepared from meristematic buds encapsulated in an agar matrix, while cryopreservation was carried out by vitrification and immersion in liquid nitrogen at - 196 °C. The evaluation considered the percentage of viability and the development of the explants after sowing. The results showed that refrigeration was the most efficient method for preserving the viability of the plant material, with the following standing out: MS medium showed viability values of 80.0% at 15 days and 53.3% at 60 days. Cryopreservation, on the other hand, exhibited low recovery percentages ranging from 6.7% to 20.0%. Regarding explant development, DKW medium showed better initial results, reaching 10.48 mm at 15 days. This indicates that storage time affects the viability and development of the C. sativa explants evaluated during this study.