Propuesta de anteproyecto arquitectónico para los bloques de educación básica elemental de la Unidad Educativa Luis A. Martínez

Abstract

This research presents a preliminary architectural design proposal for the elementary school buildings of the Luis A. Martínez High School, located in the city of Ambato. The project arises from the need to renovate learning environments that no longer respond to contemporary pedagogical approaches or to the sensory and developmental needs of children. The study is grounded in the principles of sensory architecture, which understand space as an active component in learning one that influences concentration, emotional balance, social interaction, and overall student well-being. The project is motivated by several deficiencies observed in the existing infrastructure: insufficient natural ventilation, limited spatial adaptability, inadequate lighting, and a weak relationship between indoor and outdoor learning areas. To address these issues, the proposal incorporates bimodal classrooms that can be connected through movable acoustic panels, a creative laboratory for hands-on exploration, an edible garden functioning as a living learning environment, and green sensory zones that complement academic activities. Additionally, the design includes a new circulation corridor that links the blocks and improves the flow of students, along with a color-based signage system that enhances orientation and promotes autonomy. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach, combining field observation, semi-structured interviews, regulatory analysis, and a review of architectural precedents relevant to educational settings. These tools made it possible to understand the real needs of the school community and to define strategies aligned with current educational practices. The resulting proposal envisions a flexible, healthy, and nature-integrated educational environment that enhances daily experiences for both students and teachers.