Diseño arquitectónico de un Centro Integral de Atención al Adulto Mayor incorporando Jardines y Espacios al Aire libre

Abstract

The present work develops the architectural design of an Integral Center for Older Adults in the parish of Pishilata, in the city of Ambato, addressing the lack of municipal facilities specialized for this age group. The Ambato PDOT identifies a critical deficit in infrastructure for gerontological care services, which justifies the need for an architectural proposal that ensures accessibility, comprehensive care, and quality of life. The research is based on a qualitative and descriptive approach. Techniques such as documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews with professional staff, and comparative review of architectural precedents were employed. This process made it possible to identify the theoretical foundations of geronto-architecture, the evolution of residential models, the principles of universal design, and the essential spatial criteria for the physical, psychological, and social well-being of users. The results show that gerontological architecture must prioritize the creation of domestic, inclusive, and adaptable environments, avoiding institutionalized models and promoting residential micro-communities. Based on these criteria, the architectural proposal is organized into three functional modules: a public module for daytime care, a semi-public service module, and a private module composed of residential units that operate as small communities. The design strategy incorporates ramp-based circulation, natural lighting, habitable thresholds, and therapeutic gardens. Thus, the project represents an integral and feasible response to improve elder care in the city, offering a functional and human-centered solution supported by technical, social, and gerontological criterio.