Elaboración de liposomas por combinaciones de fosfolípidos para la encapsulación del antibiótico doxiciclina como sistema de administración de fármacos

Abstract

The development of nanodrug delivery systems is important for the better treatment of diseases. The objective of this study was to prepare liposomes with lecithin (CL) and cholesterol (CHO) for the encapsulation of the antibiotic doxycycline. This antibiotic is important in the treatment of bacterial infections and is administered orally. The preparation of the liposomes was carried out using the hydrated film method, evaluating different proportions of CL:CHO. Liposomes were characterized by infrared analysis (FT-IR), thermal analysis (DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, the stability of the liposomes in the digestive tract was evaluated through an in vitro simulation and also the best storage temperature was tested. It was determined that the ideal proportion of CL:CHO to obtain the liposomes was 70:30, this same proportion was the one that presented the best doxycycline encapsulation efficiency with 56 percent. The formation of spherical nanovesicles and the presence of chemical groups of each component were verified in the liposomes loaded with doxycycline. The liposomes maintained an average stability of percent, close to liposomes without digestion, and the best storage temperature was 4 degrees Celsius after two weeks. In conclusion, it has been shown that with CL and CHO are good elements for liposomes fabrication and drug encapsulation, such as doxycycline. These liposomes achieve an adequate encapsulation percentage and stability, which is why they have the potential to be applied as nanosystem for oral drug administration.