Análisis de la influencia de la calidad de agua sobre la microbiota intestinal presente en las heces de pollos de engorde de la empresa Grupo Casa Grande

Abstract

The gut microbiota includes commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms that inhabit complex multicellular organisms. Among the main functions, the following stand out: regulation of metabolic activities, absorption of nutrients and prevention of colonization by pathogens. However, the microbiota can be altered by various factors such as water, food, antibiotic intake and geographical location. In this study, it was known whether water quality influences the intestinal microbiota of Cobb 500 broiler chickens from two farms (San José and Las Orquídeas) belonging to the Grupo Casa Grande company. For this purpose, a metagenomic amplicon analysis of the 16s rRNA gene was carried out, using DNA extracted from 4 fecal samples of broiler chickens. Data processing was performed on the Galaxy platform linked to QIIME2. The analysis of water quality was within the limits established by INEN 1108 standards and the Cobb 500 Chicken Management Manual, with the exception of water hardness (Las Orquídeas farm). The Shannon index and PCoA revealed that samples from both farms present a high microbial diversity of OTUs and a minimal difference in the composition of the microbial community. The analyzes of relative abundance, differential abundance and alpha rarefaction showed that the most abundant and richest taxa of the fecal microbiota were Lactobacillus sp and Romboutsia sp. The water quality of the farms did not influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota of the chickens.