Determinación de los agentes predominantes bacterianos presentes en la enfermedad periodontal moderada y severa en Canis lupus familiaris alimentados con dieta mixta

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the predominant bacterial agents present in moderate and severe periodontal disease (PD) in Canis lupus familiaris older than 4 years old fed a mixed diet. The study was carried out in the Veterinary Medical Center of the Pueblo Unido neighborhood in the city of Quito with the collection of dental plaque samples from 33 canines diagnosed with moderate and severe PD. The samples were collected with a Gracey Curette and cytological brush and were immediately transported in a red cap tube without additive to the laboratory. Colony forming unit (CFU) counts were performed on plate count agar (PCA), the two bacteria with the highest number of CFU/gr were isolated on culture media and biochemical tests were performed for identification. In canines diagnosed with moderate PD, bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (68.4%), Escherichia coli (68.4%), Proteus mirabilis (42.1%), Proteus vulgaris (10.5%) and Streptococcus salivarius (10.5%) were isolated. Similarly, in those with severe PD, species such as S. aureus (92.9%), E. coli (71.4%). P. mirabilis (14.3%), P. vulgaris (14.3%), and Enterococcus faecalis (7.1%). Finally, it was evaluated whether the presence of these bacteria is dependent on the degree of moderate or severe progression of PD and the relationship with the CFU/gr count. It was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.975) between the isolated bacteria and the degree of PD, however, there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.0001) in the presence of bacteria in relation to the means of CFU/gr count.