Sistema hibrido solar-radiofrecuencia de recolección de energía para terminales de quinta generación 5G

Abstract

Thanks to technological advances in recent years, the use of IoT devices has gradually increased due to the large number of applications in which they can be used, such as: home automation, smart vehicles, robotics, wireless sensor networks, among others. These devices, being mostly wireless, have one or more batteries as their main power source, which are responsible for supplying the necessary electrical energy to carry out their operations. However, the life expectancy of a battery is limited and is expressed as the number of charge/discharge cycles it can withstand, therefore it is necessary to find a permanent and more reliable source of energy. In order to solve this problem, a technology known as energy harvesting or energy harvesting has emerged, which consists of capturing the energy present in the environment and converting it into electrical energy. There are various sources of energy in the environment such as hydraulic, thermal, solar, wind, radio frequency, sound, movement, vibration, etc. For low power applications, the use of radiofrequency has been the object of study as a source for capturing energy thanks to the fact that this type of signals prevail in the environment, such as TV signals, radio, cell phones, satellite Wi-Fi, among others, however, the energy collected by this type of system is low in the range of millivolts, it is for this reason that in the present titling work a hybrid solar-radiofrequency energy collection system capable of continuously powering devices with 5G technology. For this, a 4-phase methodology is used: design, simulation, manufacturing and characterization of each of the stages that make up the proposed system. Finally, a prototype capable of providing constant power for fifth generation 5G terminals such as wireless sensors and IoT devices is presented