Determinantes en la falta de control de natalidad y la presencia de embarazos no deseados en el primer nivel de atención

Abstract

Birth control is any medication or instrument action that can be used to prevent pregnancy which can be influenced by different factors, triggering unwanted pregnancies. The present study aims to analyze the determinants of the lack of birth control and the presence of unwanted pregnancies at the first level of care, through a qualitative study based on hermeneutic phenomenology, with a total of 81 participants. Prior informed consent, a semi-structured interview analyzed using Excel software was applied, which allows the reduction of information, transformation, and interpretation through content analysis. Among the determinants found, the social ones stand out, such as having a family relationship of cohabitation, low economic level, housework, secondary level, counseling received by their partners and the behavioral characteristics are the use of modern and natural methods, mainly interrupted coitus, erroneous beliefs and beginning of sexual experiences in adolescence. Concluding that the culture of birth control is present in the population by showing that 72% have used some method to avoid getting pregnant, however, social factors such as low economic resources, low level of education, rural population, empirical advice by their partners, creates barriers to the correct use and accessibility of methods with subsequent unwanted pregnancies.