Efectividad de los ejercicios kinesioterapéuticos en miembro superior para la prevención de trastornos funcionales posteriores a cirugía por cáncer de mama

Abstract

Musculoskeletal or functional disorders of the upper limb in patients with breast cancer who have undergone surgical treatment are one of the most frequent complications, affecting joint width, muscle strength; compromising the overall function of the shoulder; thus affecting the quality of life of the survivors. Early physiotherapeutic intervention in post-surgical breast cancer patients includes any type of mobility that includes active exercises; being effective in the treatment and prevention of functional disorders of the upper limb; For this reason, the research proposed to analyze the effectiveness of kinesiotherapeutic exercises in the upper limb for the prevention of functional disorders after breast cancer surgery; for which an exercise plan was structured through a review of scientific articles in databases such as PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct and Medline; in which keywords were used where more than 50 articles were obtained, of which 20 were chosen that met the eligibility criteria, to determine the efficacy of kinesiotherapeutic exercises, 22 women were evaluated before and after the intervention from 18 to 60 years old, with the Oxford Scale to determine muscle strength, the Goniometric Test to identify joint width; and the Constant-Murley Test to measure the global function of the shoulder; The results revealed clinically and statistically significant improvement between 0.3 and 1.5 points in muscle strength (0.000) in all muscle groups, between 15 ° to 130 ° of joint mobility (0.000) was gained in most movements of the shoulder except for adduction, and the global function (0.000) went from a poor level to a medium level. Concluding that kinesiotherapeutic exercises in the upper limb are effective in preventing the appearance of functional disorders after breast cancer surgery