Rasgos de personalidad y su relación con la actitud hacia personas con discapacidad en estudiantes universitarios

Abstract

The objectives of this research project are to analyze the relationship between personality traits and the attitude towards people with disabilities in university students, to identify their personality traits, to define the prevailing attitude towards people with disabilities and to compare this attitude with respect to men and women. In this quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional study, the 16PF Personality Factor Questionnaire (RB Cattell, KS Cattell & HE Cattell, 1993) and the Scale of Attitudes Towards Persons with Disabilities, form G (Verdugo, Arias & Jenaro, 1994) were applied. The sample was selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so it was composed of 344 students from first to tenth semester of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato from the academic period October 2020 - February 2021 , aged between 17 and 41 years. For the statistical data treatment, tools such as the SPSS 20 program and Excel were used. Spearman's correlation test was used to verify the hypothesis, and normality and chi-square tests were used to establish the association between attitude and sex. As a result, it was found that there is a relationship between personality traits agreeableness (A), reasoning (B), openness to change (Q1), perfectionism (Q3) and the attitude towards people with disabilities. The predominant personality trait among students is self-sufficiency in high scores (Q2), which describes independent, lonely, resourceful people who prefer to make their own decisions. The attitude towards people with disabilities is quite favorable and generally positive. An association was found between men and women based on the variable attitude towards people with disabilities.