Extracción asistida por ultrasonido de licopenos provenientes de residuos agroindustriales de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) con capacidad antioxidante

Abstract

The objective of this research was the extraction of lycopene’s with antioxidant capacity by ultrasound, using the agro-industrial residues of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.). The extraction was carried out from previously dry and ground vegetable residue using ethanol as solvent and an experimental 3 design was applied to develop an ultrasound technology for the extraction of lycopene’s. The influence of the factors plant material/solvent volume ratio (1/2.5; 1/5; 1/10), extraction temperature (20, 30 and 40 degrees Celsius) and extraction time (15, 30 and 60 minutes) on the extraction efficiency percentages. The process was optimized with a plant material/solvent volume ratio of 1:10, extraction temperature of 40 Celsius degrees and extraction time of 60 minutes. To verify the antioxidant activity of the lycopene-rich extract, in vitro tests were performed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- 1-picrylhydrazyl) technique and in vivo with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cav. as model. The extract rich in lycopene’s presented in the in vitro test a percentage of inhibition of free radicals of 60.23 percent, which is equivalent to 693.81 micromoles per liter of Trolox, the antioxidant activity in vivo was corroborated showing that the cell managed to overcome the oxidative stress when exposed to a concentration of 3 millimoles of hydrogen peroxide presenting cell growth values very similar to those obtained with vitamin C.