Externalidades de óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx) sobre pérdidas en las cosechas agrícolas (PCA), impactos sobre materiales y edificios (IME) y daños de la masa forestal (DMF) generadas por el transporte urbano en la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

The cost was determined by externalities on losses in agricultural crops (PCA), of the materials and buildings (IME) and damages of the forest mass (DMF) generated by urban transport in the city of Ambato. Analyzing a total of 363 samples of EURO II and EURO III technology buses, to measure the emissions of O2, CO, NO, NO2, SO2, they were analyzed in Bacharach ECA 450 Analyzer following the ISO 14064 standard of direct sources with scope 1. For EURO II technology buses, NOX emissions are 1.69x10-4 t for year and for EURO III they are 1.59x10-4 t for year. With these values, the economic losses for PCA are calculated to be: 1.65 dollars per year; IME is: 1.10x10-5 dollars per year and DMF is: 5.50x10-5 dollars per year. The sum of the three externalities taken by INFRAS for IWW, 2004 indicates the external costs caused by this type of air pollution that is 1.48 euros per year, this final value was transformed from euros to dollars to the market value that is 1.65 dollars. It is observed that the value that the value is not significant in relation to the other elements of the costs of externalities, because it is considered a segment of the non-extensive automotive fleet as exclusive fuel for urban public transport with EURO II and EURO III technology; Another factor was to consider a small territorial extension.