Diseño y construcción de una mini-turbina hidráulica tipo turgo para ser instalada en canales principales de riego para generar energía mecánica

Abstract

This project considers the design and construction of a Turgo mini hydraulic turbine. The project was designed to generate mechanical energy that will later be transformed into electrical energy that will be used in locations that have major irrigation channels and don’t have electricity. In the theoretical and analytical part, the turbine was selected and modifications were made to the original design of the turbine, because this turbine is driven by a water jet, and it was modified so that it can be directly driven by the channel current. The speed triangle for the turbine was calculated, which allowed to obtain a theoretical speed for the design of the same. With this speed the dimensions of the impeller and the spoons were obtained. The diameter of the water jet was obtained in order to be able to dimension the aforementioned elements. Later the calculation was made of the approximate speed at which the turbine will rotate, as well as the torque that it will produce. The turbine was built with alternative materials (PLA, wood, Nylon) because a prototype was manufactured. These materials resist to the corrosion and to the efforts generated by the force of the water. In the start-up, the real speed of rotation was obtained.