Uso de extractos de penco azul (agave americana) y hongos de sombrero (estrobilurus tenacellus) como preventivos del tizón tardío (phytophthora infestans) en el cultivo de papa (solanum tuberosum) variedad chaucha amarilla

Abstract

The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the preventive activity of an open field of extracts of E. tenacellus, A. americana and the interaction between these two extracts in a 1: 1 ratio against the fungus Phytoptora infestans. The experiment was carried out on the properties of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato. In the test the extraction methods are used: extraction method by grinding and liquefaction. Fungal material was collected in coniferous forests on decaying trees. The trial was conducted in a project with two replicates and an absolute control, where the percentage of incidence, the percentage of severity and the development of the leaf area were recorded. The best results in the measured parameters were obtained with the lowest P2 treatment% I and% S during the four samples performed, at 45 days% I: 0.00 and% S: 0.00; At 60 days% I: 11.15 and% S: 11.90; At 75 days% I: 13.15 and% S: 39.30, and at 90 days% I: 14.70 and% S: 49.75. However, it is necessary to mention that the other two treatments also had preventive antifungal activity but in Lower efficiency for P. infestan. It was determined that the sum of A. americana extract + the fungal extract of E. tenacellus contains secondary metabolites such as: essential oil, alkaloids, ketones, phenols, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, tannins, terpenes and monoterpenes, which are attributed To antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal properties.